Three methods of recycling waste lithium ion battery

Source: 2020 - 03 - 31 caused hits: time physical methods of the lithium ion battery by physical and chemical reaction method. The most common physical and chemical treatment method is broken flotation and mechanical grinding. 1) Flotation process broken broken flotation method is the use of different chemical and physical properties meet the material looks a method, namely, the first complete waste lithium ion battery broken, after the separation, will implement the electrode material heat treatment to remove organic binder powder, finally based on cobalt acid lithium electrode materials and graphite powder of hydrophilic differences of flotation separation, and then restoring the lithium cobalt composite powder. Broken flotation process is simple, can effectively separate lithium cobalt oxide and carbon data, lithium cobalt recovery rate is high. But because of various materials are broken and mix, the follow-up of the copper foil, aluminum foil and metal shell fragments hard to separation and recovery. In addition, cataclastic easy to cause the volatile gas such as HF and electrolyte LiPF6 react with H2O to form the pollution of the environment, cataclastic method should be paid attention to. 2) Mechanical grinding method mechanical polishing method is to use mechanical grinding heat promote reaction between electrode and grinding data, combining the electrode in the data originally on the collector fluid of lithium compounds into a salt method. Different types of different grinding, the recovery rate of auxiliary materials. Can achieve a higher recovery rate, Co is 98%, Li was 99%. Mechanical polishing method is also from spent lithium ion battery of the effective methods to recover cobalt and lithium. The process is relatively simple, but the equipment is more, the loss of cobalt, aluminum foil recycling difficult. Chemical method, chemical method is a kind of processing method of lithium ion batteries through the chemical reaction process, generally divided into two methods: pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy method. 1) Pyrometallurgy pyrometallurgy, also called combustion or after dry metallurgy, high temperature burning, electrode material to remove the organic binder, and the presence of the metals and their compounds in REDOX reaction, condensation recycling metals and their compounds, in the form of low boiling point of the slag metal selection screening, pyrolysis and chemical methods such as magnetic separation to back. Pyrometallurgy material component demand is not high, the appropriate big plans to deal with more chaos of the battery, but burning will attack as part of the environmental air pollution, and high temperature processing equipment requirement is high also, but also need to add the purification recycling equipment, such as high processing cost. 2) Wet metallurgy hydrometallurgy is a selectively dissolved in the lithium ion battery anode data, using appropriate chemical separation method of metal elements in the leaching solution. Hydrometallurgy method is more suitable for recycling waste lithium-ion batteries, chemical composition is single can be used alone, can also be used with high temperature metallurgical bonding. It needs less equipment, low processing cost. Is a kind of mature processing method, suitable for small and medium-sized lithium ion battery recycling program. 2. 3, in the study of biological metallurgy are also using microbial metabolic process to realize the selective leaching of cobalt, lithium metal elements, etc. Biological low energy consumption, low cost, and microbial reusable, pollution is small; But microbial culture conditions strictly, long training time and low leaching rate, the technology remains to be further improved.