Lithium battery working and charging principle analysis

The working principle of lithium battery Lithium battery is a general term for batteries with metal lithium as the negative electrode active material. It generally refers to a primary lithium battery, which cannot be cyclically charged, and is prone to explosion caused by dendrites, so it is rarely used in daily electronic products. When a lithium battery is charged, Li+ in the positive electrode and Li+ in the electrolyte concentrate on the negative electrode to obtain electrons, which are reduced to Li and embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode. During discharge, Li embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode loses electrons and enters the electrolyte, and the Li+ in the electrolyte moves to the positive electrode. The working principle of lithium battery refers to its charging and discharging principle. When the battery is charged, lithium ions are generated on the positive electrode of the battery, and the generated lithium ions move to the negative electrode through the electrolyte. The carbon as the negative electrode has a layered structure. It has many micropores. The lithium ions that reach the negative electrode are embedded in the micropores of the carbon layer. The more lithium ions are inserted, the higher the charging capacity. In the same way, when the battery is discharged (that is, the process when we use the battery), the lithium ions embedded in the carbon layer of the negative electrode are released and move back to the positive electrode. The more lithium ions returned to the positive electrode, the higher the discharge capacity. What we usually call battery capacity refers to the discharge capacity. Lithium battery charging principle The basic requirement of a lithium battery charger is a specific charging current and charging voltage, so as to ensure the safe charging of the battery. Other charging auxiliary functions are added to improve battery life and simplify the operation of the charger, including trickle charging for over-discharged batteries, battery voltage test, input current limit, turn off the charger after charging is complete, and after the battery is partially discharged Automatically start charging, etc. Lithium batteries generally require the charging process to be controlled in four stages: trickle charging (low-voltage pre-charging), constant current charging, constant voltage charging, and charging termination. The charging method of lithium battery is limited voltage and constant current, which is controlled by the IC chip. The typical charging method is: first test the voltage of the battery to be charged, if the voltage is lower than 3V, pre-charge first, and the charging current is set 1/10 of the current, after the voltage rises to 3V, it enters the standard charging process. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous post: Is it better to use lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries?