Lithium battery characteristics and technology introduction

Lithium batteries generally refer to lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode, and non-hydrolyzable batteries are used. Lithium batteries refer to rechargeable secondary batteries. They do not use lithium metal for the negative electrode and rely on the movement of the positive and negative electrodes between lithium ions to work. However, in daily life, people are used to referring to lithium batteries as lithium batteries or lithium batteries. Compared with traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel-chromium batteries, and nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium batteries do not contain lead, mercury, cadmium and other toxic and harmful heavy metal elements, and the pollution is relatively light. The electrolyte is organic solvent and lithium salt, mostly non-toxic or low-toxic. Lithium battery characteristics (1) Voltage platformBecause different anode and cathode materials are used for lithium batteries, the operating voltage range of single cells is 3.7~4v, and the operating voltage of lithium iron phosphate single cells and larger applications is 3.2 v, 3 times the nickel-hydrogen battery and 2 times the lead-acid battery. (2) Energy The energy density of lithium batteries for passenger cars is close to 200Wh/kg, and is expected to reach 300Wh/kg by 2020. (3) Long battery life Due to the characteristics of electrochemical materials, the cycle time of lithium batteries is relatively long. Taking lithium iron phosphate as an example, the number of cycles of a single battery can reach more than 2000 times, while the number of cycles of a group of batteries is only more than 1000 times. (4) Lithium batteries with small environmental impact use light metal lithium. Although they do not contain harmful heavy metals such as mercury and lead, they are environmentally friendly and have little environmental pollution. (5) Higher cost The initial purchase cost of lithium batteries is very high. Take lithium iron phosphate battery, the mainstream product of bus power lithium-ion battery, as an example. The price is about 2500 yuan/degree. Due to the limitation of the number of cycles after the formation of a single battery, the bus usually needs to replace the battery in about 3 years, which brings greater cost pressure to the operating unit. (6) Small impact on the power grid. First, due to the large-scale application of pure electric vehicles, due to the large charging demand, the charging equipment will have prominent harmonic interference to the power grid, which will affect the power supply quality of the power grid. Secondly, in the case of fast charging, the charging power is relatively high. (50kW passenger cars, 150-250kw passenger cars, etc.), the charging ratio is relatively large, which has a greater impact on the grid load. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous post: Analysis of the difference between soft pack lithium battery and aluminum shell lithium battery