Briefly describe the working principle of lithium batteries and common sense of daily use

The currently recognized basic principle of lithium batteries is the so-called rocking chair theory. The charging and discharging of lithium batteries does not realize the transfer of electrons in a traditional way, but the energy change occurs through the entry and exit of lithium ions in the crystals of the layered substance. In the case of normal charge and discharge, the entry and exit of lithium ions generally only causes the change of the layer spacing without causing the destruction of the crystal structure. Therefore, from the perspective of charge and discharge, the lithium battery is an ideal reversible battery. During charging and discharging, lithium ions go back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, just like a rocking chair, shaking between the positive and negative electrodes, so some people call the lithium battery the image of the rocking chair battery. We often say that the advantages of lithium batteries are related to traditional nickel-cadmium batteries (Ni/Cd) and nickel-metal hydride batteries (Ni/MH). It has the advantages of high working voltage, large specific energy, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, and no memory effect. Lithium battery production custom lithium battery common sense in the daily use process (1), it is not beneficial to charge for a long time, the battery is completely used up and recharge the mobile phone or charger of the lithium battery will automatically stop charging after the battery overflows, and there is no nickel battery charging The so-called trickle charge continues for 10 hours. If the lithium battery is overflowing, it will no longer be charged when it is placed on the charger. Extraordinary time charging and full use of electricity will cause overcharge and overdischarge, which will cause permanent damage to the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery. From the molecular level, overdischarge will cause the negative electrode carbon to excessively release lithium ions and make its layer The structure collapses, and overcharging will force too much lithium ions into the negative carbon structure, and some of them can no longer be released. (2) Misunderstanding: battery activation, the first three charging for more than 12 hours. Regarding the activation of lithium batteries, there are many sayings: the charging time must be more than 12 hours, repeat three times in order to activate the battery. This statement that the first three charges should be charged for more than 12 hours is clearly a continuation of the statement that nickel batteries (such as nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride). So this statement can be said to be misinformation at the beginning. After sampling surveys, it can be seen that a considerable number of people have confused the two battery charging methods. The charging and discharging characteristics of lithium batteries and nickel batteries are very different. All the serious official technical documents that have been consulted emphasized that overcharge and overdischarge can cause great damage to lithium batteries, especially liquid lithium batteries. Therefore, charge it according to the standard time and standard method, especially don't charge for more than 12 hours. Generally, the charging method analyzed in the mobile phone manual is the standard charging method suitable for the mobile phone. (3). Regular deep charge and discharge for battery calibration. Lithium batteries generally have a management chip and a charge control chip. Among them, there are a series of registers in the management chip, which store values u200bu200bsuch as capacity, temperature, ID, charging status, and discharge times. These values u200bu200bwill gradually change during use. The usage in the instructions for use should be fully charged and discharged once a month or so. The important purpose should be to correct inappropriate values u200bu200bin these registers. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: What to pay attention to when designing 18650 lithium battery protection board