The working principle of lithium battery charging and discharging

Lithium batteries are very common in our lives, such as: mobile phones, laptops, tablets, etc., are inseparable from lithium batteries, but most people do not know how lithium batteries work. The following is a road trip from Asia The technical staff from here will explain to you: the working principle of lithium batteries is the principle of charge and discharge. The charging and discharging principles are as follows: 1. During charging, the positive electrode (cathode) undergoes an oxidation reaction, and the release point to the external circuit, and the lithium ion release point to the internal circuit. The electrons are transferred to the negative electrode through the external circuit and the charger, and the lithium ions enter the crystal structure of the negative electrode through the electrolyte and separator paper of the internal circuit. Therefore, the number of positive lithium ions gradually decreases. However, the amount of lithium ions in the electrolyte has not changed. Diaphragm paper is an electronic insulator and a transparent body of ions. The negative electrode (anode) undergoes a reduction reaction and absorbs electrons and lithium ions. Electrons and lithium ions form a neutral charge in the crystal structure of the negative electrode. 2. During discharge, the positive electrode (cathode) undergoes a reduction reaction, which obtains electrons from the external circuit and lithium ions from the internal circuit. Electrons are transported to the positive electrode through external circuits and electrical appliances, and lithium ions are returned to the crystal structure of the positive electrode through the electrolyte and separator paper in the internal circuit. Therefore, the number of lithium ions in the negative electrode gradually decreases, and the number of lithium ions in the positive electrode gradually increases. However, the amount of lithium ions in the electrolyte has not changed. The negative electrode (cathode) is oxidized, releasing electrons and lithium ions. Electrons and lithium ions return to the crystal structure of the positive electrode through the internal and external circuits, forming a neutral battery. That's it for the working principle of lithium batteries. In lithium batteries, carbon materials that can insert and release lithium ions replace pure lithium as the negative electrode. The positive electrode of a lithium battery is made of lithium metal. During the charging process, metallic lithium will be deposited on the lithium cathode, and dendritic lithium will appear. Dendrite lithium can penetrate the diaphragm, causing a short circuit inside the battery, leading to an explosion. In order to overcome the shortcomings of lithium batteries and improve the safety and reliability of the batteries, lithium batteries came into being. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Analyze the charging method of electric vehicle power lithium battery