The five new energy car battery type

A, lead-acid batteries, lead-acid battery as a more mature technology, because of its lower cost, and high rate discharge, is still widely available for mass production of electric vehicle batteries. The Beijing Olympic Games, there are 20 use lead-acid batteries of electric cars, provide transportation services for the games. But lead-acid batteries than energy, power and energy density is very low, as a power source of electric vehicles is not possible to have a good speed and range. Second, the nickel cadmium battery and nickel metal hydride batteries although good performance in lead-acid battery, but contain heavy metals, using the abandoned after will cause pollution to the environment. Nimh battery for just coming into the mature period, which is a hybrid car battery system is widely used in the actual verification and be commercialized, scale of battery system, existing hybrid battery 99% market share for ni-mh power battery, commercial representative is the Toyota prius. Currently the world's major car power battery manufacturer mainly Japanese PEVE and Sanyo, PEVE global Hybrid power vehicle nimh batteries 85% market share, the main commercial Hybrid cars like the Toyota Prius, Alphard and Estima, as well as the Honda Civic, Insight, and so on all use PEVE nimh battery power. In our country, changan JieXun, chery A5, pentium faw, such as general grand hyatt brand cars have been demonstration run, they are also the nimh batteries, battery mainly to the overseas purchase, however, the use of domestic nickel metal hydride batteries in the car is still in the stage of research and development to match. Three, traditional lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel cadmium battery and nickel metal hydride battery itself technology more mature, but they use as power battery in the car, on the other hand, there is a big problem. At present, more and more manufacturers choose to adopt the lithium battery as a power battery of new energy vehicles. Because lithium ion power battery has the following advantages: high working voltage, Hydrogen is the nickel cadmium battery - Nickel battery 3 times) ; Larger than the energy ( Up to 165 wh / ㎏, is 3 times of ni-mh batteries) ; Small volume; The quality of light; Long cycle life; Low self-discharge rate; No memory effect; No pollution, etc. Nowadays, many famous automobile manufacturers are working to develop power lithium battery cars, such as ford, Chrysler, Toyota, mitsubishi, nissan, hyundai, French Courreges, Ventury, etc. And domestic auto maker byd, geely, chery, lifan, zte and car companies are in their hybrids and all-electric cars carrying power lithium batteries. The current bottleneck for the further development of power lithium ion battery is: safety performance and vehicle power battery management system. Safety performance, due to the lithium ion power battery has a large energy density, high working temperature, poor working conditions and other factors, and the safety of the people-oriented idea, therefore, the user puts forward very high requirements on the safety of the battery. Automotive power battery management system, because the car is the working voltage of power battery 12 v or 24 v, and the working voltage of a single power lithium ion battery is 3. 7 v, must therefore be composed of multiple cells in series to increase voltage, but due to the charge and discharge the battery is difficult to be totally uniform, resulting in series of multiple single cells within the battery pack can appear the imbalance between charge and discharge, the battery will be charge and discharge, and this kind of situation will lead to a sharp deterioration in the performance of battery, eventually led to the entire group cells to work normally, even scrapped, which greatly affect the service life of the battery and reliable performance. Four, lithium iron phosphate battery lithium iron phosphate battery is also a kind of lithium battery, the specific energy is less than half of the cobalt acid lithium batteries, but its high safety, cycle number can reach 2000 times, stable discharge, cheaper price, as a new choice vehicle dynamics. Byd's 'iron battery', in the industry believe that for the lithium iron phosphate batteries. Five, fuel cell, in a nutshell, fuel cell ( FuelCell) Is a kind of will exist in the chemical energy of the fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy power generation device. The fuel and air were sent to the fuel cell, electric was wonderfully produced. It viewed from the outside is the cathode and the electrolyte, etc, like a battery, but it can't essentially 'storage' but a 'power plants'. The most is expected to be used in automobile is proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Its working principle is: hydrogen to the anode, after catalyst ( Platinum) The role of the hydrogen atoms in the two electrons are separated, the two electrons in the positive attract, creates an electric current through an external circuit, electronic hydrogen ions ( Protons) Through the proton exchange membrane ( The solid electrolyte) In the positive combine with oxygen atoms and electrons back into water. Due to oxygen can be obtained from the air, as long as constantly supply cathode hydrogen, and the water in time, Steam) Take away, fuel cells can continuously provide electricity. For fuel cells convert chemical energy of fuel into electricity directly, without burning process, and thus is not limited by carnot cycle. The fuel cell system of fuel - Power conversion efficiency was 45% ~ 60%, and the efficiency of coal-fired power and nuclear power at about 30% ~ 40%.