The advantages of lithium battery characteristics, performance and analysis

Source: 2020 - 04 - 12 when hits: lithium battery characteristics, performance and advantages of lithium battery with its high than can, long cycle life, wide range of working temperature characteristics has attracted great interest and attention, particularly striking is that the average price of each loop battery is not high, but also a downward trend. The following more detailed introduces the advantages and characteristics of lithium battery. With other high-energy secondary battery ( Such as nickel cadmium battery, nickel metal hydride batteries, etc. ) Compared to the performance of lithium ion battery has obvious advantages, mainly manifested in the following respects. ( 1) High working voltage with graphite or petroleum coke or other carbonaceous lithium compounds instead of metallic lithium as negative will make the battery voltage drops. However, due to the low potential lithium embedded in them, voltage loss can be reduced to minimum. At the same time, choose the appropriate embedded lithium compounds as the anode of the battery and the proper electrolyte system ( This determines the lithium battery of the electrochemical window) Can make the lithium battery has the high working voltage, 4 v) The battery, which is much higher than water system. ( 2) Beyond capacity while in the carbon material instead of metal lithium will reduce material quality specific capacity, but in fact metal lithium secondary battery, in order to ensure that the battery has certain life cycle, cathode for lithium metal is usually much more than three times, so the quality of lithium batteries, considering the actual almost no specific storage volume and lower. ( 3) High energy density high working voltage and capacity determines the energy density of lithium secondary battery. With the current widely used compared to the nickel cadmium battery and nickel metal hydride batteries, lithium secondary batteries have the highest energy density, and still has great development potential. ( 4) Good safety performance, long cycle life for lithium metal anode cell unsafe because of lithium ion battery anode structure change, due to many times to charge and discharge form porous dendrite. When temperature rises, it serious exothermic reaction with electrolyte, dendrite can penetrate the diaphragm, lead to internal short circuit. However, lithium batteries do not have this problem, it is very safe. In order to avoid in lithium batteries, control the charging voltage, to be on the safe side, lithium battery is equipped with multiple safety device. Lithium battery charging and discharging lithium ion insertion and embedded in the process of the cathode and anode without any structural changes ( Lattice insert and embedded process there will be some expansion and contraction) , because of a more stable lithium compounds, metallic lithium is not in the process of charging and discharging lithium dendrite formation, which greatly improved the safety performance of the battery, also greatly improve the cycle life. In 1989, the U. S. department of transportation of dangerous materials and 1990 IAIT will lithium battery left out of hazardous materials. ( 5) Low self-discharge rate, lithium battery is made of the hydrolysis fluid system. During the first charge and discharge process, the intermediate stage solid electrolyte ( EI) Membrane surface to form carbon cathode due to the decrease of the electrolyte, makes lithium ions and electron was not allowed to pass, and the activity of the electrode material for different state in a relatively stable state, so it has a low self-discharge rate. ( 6) Clean pollution-free lithium-ion batteries do not contain lead, mercury, mercury and other toxic substances, and because the battery must be properly sealed, in use process have little gas evolution, won't cause pollution to the environment. In the process of production is used to dissolve the adhesive solvent can be completely recycled. Since 1997, SONY and other large manufacturers gradually began to lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries recycling metal materials such as diamond. In addition, in 1996, SONY lithium battery by the international environmental standard IS014001 [ 71度) The certification. ( 7) High current efficiency of different secondary battery in aqueous systems, the process of charging and discharging lithium battery in normal does not produce gas, current efficiency is close to 100%, this feature is especially suitable for battery energy storage and conversion.