How liquid lithium batteries work?

Source: 2020 - 04 - 11 whom hits: time how liquid lithium batteries work composite material of lithium ion battery mainly consists of four basic parts: electrode, electrolyte, the isolation layer and the container, as shown in figure 2. 2. ( 1) Electrode according to the polarity can be divided into positive electrode and negative electrode materials. The most common anode material is graphite. , shau-wei tsai et al. , the types and characteristics of the anode material has carried on the comprehensive summary in figure 2. Anode materials (3 2) The electrolyte can be divided into two kinds: one kind is acid, alkali and salt solution; The other is a organic electrolyte solution. Is the carrier of positive and negative electrodes passing lithium ion electrolyte, determines the capacity of the battery, cycle efficiency, multiplier, high and low temperature, discharge, high temperature storage, life and safety [ 23, 24] 。 Organic electrolytes generally include the following material: solvent, lithium electrolyte salts and additives. Commonly used organic solvents with ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and carbonic acid ethyl ester, different solvent has a great influence on the performance of the battery. For example, a large dielectric constant of the solvent can be reduce the attraction between lithium ion, lithium ion completely free. Solvent flash point determines the highest working temperature [lithium ion 25, 26] 。 Lithium ion salt is provide lithium ion material, it mainly has two series of inorganic and organic salt. Additive is a substance could significantly improve the performance of lithium ion. For example, film forming additive solvent can prevent damage of electrode, improve electrode embedding capacity and cycle life of lithium and lithium. In addition to the resistance to overcharge additives, and conductive additives, flame retardant additives. ( 3) Isolation layer is a layer of organic membrane, there are a lot of twists and turns through the pores. These holes to prevent larger electrolyte through, but smaller lithium-ion can freely pass, a current loop is formed within the cell. As a result, the positive and negative can be divided into two parts, the isolation layer can prevent the battery short circuit, the isolation effect [ 27 - 29] 。 ( 4) The packing of the container is the battery metal case, the main efforts to maintain appearance and protect the internal battery of the battery. Battery case usually connect the positive and negative of the battery. Working principle of lithium-ion battery charging and discharging process is embedded in the lithium ion in the positive and negative material and to take off the embedded process, at the same time with the absorption and release of energy. Rechargeable lithium ion battery: the lithium ion separated from the anode material, through the electrolyte to the cathode. After absorbing electronic, embed it in anode materials, forming high energy embedded compounds. Lithium-ion battery discharge: Li + precipitation and release electrons from the cathode material, Li + through the electrolyte to the anode, and the electronic injection of embedded form stable compounds in the anode material. Figure 2. 4 is lithium ion embedded graphite sketch. Figure 2. 4 lithium ion embedded graphite schematic diagram of the lithium ion battery of the positive and negative material is a mixture of ions and electrons embedded conductor compounds. Electrons to move only in the anode and cathode materials. Charging and discharging process requires the interaction of lithium ions and electrons, which requires lithium ion electrode materials with good conductivity and ionic diffusion ability, to ensure that electronic rapid transfer to the external circuit through the electrode in the process of discharge electrodes of the ear. Electrolytes of lithium ion by carriers to the anode material, and with the embedded electronic combine to form compounds.