How does the battery work?

Batteries are so ubiquitous in our lives that we almost ignore them. But in the long and legendary prehistoric era, they are extraordinary creations, and they have the same beautiful future. A battery is essentially a device that converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Basically, a battery is a small chemical reactor that reacts with high-energy electrons that are ready to flow to external devices. The battery has been around for a long time. In 1938, the director of the Baghdad Museum discovered a battery in the basement of the museum, which is now called the Baghdad battery. Its origin and location can be traced back to Mesopotamia around 250 BC. There are many controversies about primitive batteries, from electroplating to pain relief to religious punishment. American scientist and inventor Benjamin Franklin first used the term battery in 1749, when he used a series of capacitors for experiments. In 1800, the Italian physicist Alexander Loft created the first real battery. Volta stacked round copper and zinc flakes together and separated them with salt-soaked linen. At this time, as long as two metal wires are in contact with any two metals, a continuous and stable current will be triggered. Each unit (a set of copper, zinc and salt water) has a voltage of 0.76 volts. If you stack batteries together, you will get multiple charges. One of the oldest batteries is a lead-acid battery invented in 1859, which is still used by most cars that use internal combustion engines. For example, it is the oldest rechargeable battery. Today’s batteries vary in size, from large megawatts used to store energy in solar power plants or substations, to tiny batteries used in electronic watches that power entire villages or islands. Batteries are based on different chemical substances, and the battery voltage of these substances is generally between 1 and 3.6V. The batteries are connected in series to increase the voltage and parallel to increase the current. This principle is used to achieve the required current and voltage, down to the megawatt level. How does the battery work? When the battery is discharged, the chemical reaction inside the battery produces electrical energy. A chemical reaction that attacks electrons, such as iron oxide attacking rust. The attack of iron and oxygen reacts, and the attack of electrons and oxygen transports iron oxide. The battery specification is to use two different metals or compounds, their electrode potentials are different, separated by a porous insulator. Electrode potential is the energy stored in atoms and compounds, used to carry electrons when connected to an available external device. In chemical reactions, conductive liquids, such as brine and aqueous solutions, used to flow soluble ions from one metal to another are called electrolytes. The metal or compound that loses electrons during discharge is called the cathode, and the metal or compound that receives electrons is called the anode. Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through an external connection, which is what we use to work electronic devices. The irreversible process of the chemical reaction of the electron flow between the primary battery and the rechargeable battery is called the primary battery. The battery is exhausted after a discharge of the reactant. The most common primary battery is a carbon-zinc battery. When the electrolyte is alkaline, the battery life is longer. We buy alkaline batteries from the supermarket. The biggest challenge in dealing with these cells is to find ways to reuse them. As more and more batteries are used, it becomes uneconomical to replace them frequently, and it becomes more and more important to dispose of them. The earliest rechargeable batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries (NiCd), also used alkali as an electrolyte. Except for the Ni-MH battery developed in 1989, its life span is longer than that of the Ni-Cd battery. These types of batteries are very sensitive to overcharging and overheating during the charging process, so the charging rate is controlled below the maximum charging rate. This complex controller speeds up the charging process and saves charging time. For most simple chargers, the charging process takes overnight. Portable applications such as mobile phones and laptops have been looking for high-capacity charging devices. Although this adds the risk of violent discharge, it can be controlled by the current limiter of the mobile phone battery. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Eight Tips to Extend iPhone Battery Life