Lithium ion battery electrolyte classification have?

Source: 2020 - 04 - 12 21:43 hits: what is the classification of lithium ion battery electrolyte? The effect of electrolyte of lithium ion batteries like blood for the importance of the human body, lithium ion in the lithium ion battery cathode movement back and forth between medium, without it, there is no electronic flow, also won't have this kind of battery, so its importance is self-evident, electrolyte properties analysis of the explanation of the original. Electrolyte to play the role of a charge transfer between positive and negative electrodes, should be able to conductive ions, make electronic insulation. Cyclic performance of the battery, the working temperature range and has a very important influence the durability of the battery. The composition of electrolyte for lithium ion batteries at least includes two aspects: solvent and lithium salt. Answer: the choice of the liquid electrolyte solvent based primarily on three kinds of performance requirements, the dielectric constant of the solvent, viscosity and electron donors. In general, high dielectric constant is advantageous to the lithium salt dissociation, and strong ability of electron donors is advantageous to the electrolyte salt dissolved. Solvent electronic to liquid property refers to the solvent molecules inherent electronic lost ability, it determines the solvation of the electrolyte cations ability. Low viscosity can increase the liquidity of ion, help to improve electrical conductivity. At present, the commonly used two or more solvent mixed binary, multivariate mixed solvent. Common organic solvents are ether, alkyl carbonate, inside the ester, ketone, etc. Lithium is mainly used to provide effective carrier. The choice of the lithium salt generally follow the following principles: and the positive and negative material has good stability, Compatibility) , i. e. , in the process of storage, electrolyte and electrochemical reaction rate of active material is very small, make the self-discharge of the battery capacity loss minimum; Solution is higher than the conductivity, ohm pressure drop small; High security, non-toxic, non-polluting. There are several kinds of commonly used lithium salts: six lithium fluoride arsenic ( LiPF6) , in the process of charging and discharging, releasing toxic arsenic, the price is relatively expensive. LiPF6 are widely used in commercial battery, with good electrical conductivity and the compatibility of carbon materials. Its disadvantage is that the price is higher, solid stability, is sensitive to water. Three lithium fluoride methyl sulfonic acid has a good stability, but its conductivity is only half lipf6 base liquid electrolyte. Four fluoboric acid lithium ( LiBF4) And lithium perchlorate ( LiCl04) Is a widely used inorganic salt. However, lithium salts containing lithium perchlorate, especially containing fluorine lithium salts of sulfonated phthalein ( LiN( CF3 SO2) 2) , its stability is higher than FLiCF3SO2, its electrical conductivity and LiPF6 electrolyte. b。 Solid electrolyte solid electrolyte, also called 'superionic' or 'fast ion conductor. Refers to a class of ionic conductivity close ( Or in some cases more than) Solid ion conductive material for the melt and the electrolyte solution. It is a strange between solid and liquid solid matter. This is a kind of abnormal state of matter, and some of these atoms ( Ions) Liquidity is close to liquid, and some atoms ( Ions) Maintain its space structure ( ) 。 The liquid-solid two phase character and its energy, Including production, storage and energy saving) , metallurgy, environmental protection, wide application prospect in the field of electrochemistry, etc caused physicists, chemists and materials scientists attention. Polymer solid electrolyte consists of polymer and salt soluble polar group of complexing solid electrolyte materials. In addition to the semiconductor, the common electrical conduction system performance such as ion solution, but also has the plasticity of the inorganic solid electrolyte did not have the polymer solid electrolyte on the application of present three major advantages: any shape or the thickness of the film. So, although the room temperature conductivity polymer electrolyte is not high, this is 2 ~ 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of inorganic electrolyte, battery internal resistance of the greatly reduced due to the processed into film, so can compensate low conductivity increase area/thickness ratio. Tightness - Fully contact with the electrode increased the charge and discharge current; Responsiveness - Can change under pressure and adapt to changes in the electrode in the process of charge and discharge volume. Polymer solid electrolyte and the electrolyte has light weight, high voltage, seismic, fatigue resistance, non-toxic, non-corrosive characteristics