Briefly analyze the internal working principle of smart batteries

The inner working principle of smart battery The battery is a kind of wild animal, but also a kind of artificial intelligence, a person said at the battery conference. Domestication requires understanding of the nature of the battery. Because an ordinary or clumsy battery cannot communicate. Weight, color and size do not necessarily reflect his charging status and health status. Users are very generous with batteries. They just charge it, but they cannot guarantee that it will work within the expected time. Most laptop batteries or similar devices are smart, which means that the battery, the device, and the user can communicate to a certain extent. Manufacturers and managers have different meanings of intelligence. Some people are very smart, just add a chip to control the charger through the correct charging algorithm. However, the Smart Battery System Forum pointed out that the smart battery must display the charging status. These batteries are equipped with a microchip that can communicate with the charger to inform the user of their status, for example to display the charging status. Most smart batteries work through Coulomb counting, a theory that dates back more than 250 years, when Charlie Augustine de Coulomb first established Coulomb's law. The figure above shows a fuel counter to measure the energy in and out. The energy saved is the state of charge. There are several types of smart batteries, each with its complexity and cost. The basic battery has no additional components other than the chip. The chip simply controls the charger in the correct charging algorithm. Browsing the smart battery forum, none of these batteries are smart. So, what makes the battery smart? The SBS Forum said that smart batteries must supply SoC displays. Benchmarq first supplied fuel metering technology in 1990. Today, some manufacturers also supply two IC chips, one and two, called System Management Bus (SMBus). Single bus A single bus system transmits information through lines. But a closer look, the battery can still work through three wires. These three cables are the data lines that supply clock information, as well as the positive and negative terminals of the battery. For safety reasons, most battery manufacturers also add an additional wire to sense temperature. A single bus system stores battery information, and can read battery voltage, current, temperature, charging status, and other information. As far as hardware is concerned, the power consumption of a single-bus system is relatively low, so it is mostly used for less complex and price-sensitive products, such as radios, digital cameras, and portable computer equipment. System management bus The system management bus represents the electronic industry's efforts to standardize a set of communication protocols and a set of data. Today, the use of Durace/Intel smart batteries has been standardized since 1993. These batteries consist of two independent wires, one to transmit data and the other to supply clock information. One group of system management bus contains permanent and temporary information. The manufacturer weaves some permanent data into the battery, including battery ID, battery model, manufacturer name, and manufacturer's series data. Temporary data is generated during the application program, including calculations, user systems, and maintenance program assemblies. Some data will be stored, and others will be updated with the life of the battery. Although smart batteries have the advantages of displaying battery status and recording usage information, they also have many disadvantages. The cost will increase by 25%. For complicated chargers and regular calibration, we can only read the charging status instead of the actual working time. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Introduce the maintenance details of smart phone lithium-ion battery