Basic principles of batteries and overview of industry development

Basic principles of battery and industry development overview Battery business development outline (1) Overview of battery usage Power supply devices can be divided into physical power sources and chemical power sources. A battery in the general sense mainly refers to a chemical power source, which uses active materials to store energy and then uses its chemical reaction to release electrical energy. According to the nature and use method of the active material stored in the chemical power source, it can be divided into: (1) Primary battery (primary battery): The active material can only be used for one battery. Such as zinc manganese batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, silver zinc batteries, lithium manganese batteries, etc. Secondary battery (battery): After discharging, the battery can be used continuously by charging. Such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Fuel power battery: A battery that continuously supplies active materials to the electrodes from the outside. Among them, the secondary battery is a chemical power source that is widely used in the world. It has the characteristics of stable voltage, safety and reliability, low price, wide application range, and abundant raw materials. It has the advantages of high recovery rate and high recovery rate, and is the most widely used in the world. Battery. There are many types of secondary batteries and different functions. According to the different electrode materials, it can be divided into lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium batteries and so on. Primary battery: small, portable electrical appliances, such as household appliances, cameras and other digital products, generally have a capacity of less than 2Ah, easy to use, no need to recharge. The battery can only be used once, the power consumption is wasted, the use cost is relatively high, and the waste battery cannot be recycled, causing pollution to the environment. Nickel-cadmium batteries: High reliability, good cycle life, but high cost. They are mainly used for power tools because cadmium is highly toxic. After serious damage to the environment and the processing of workers' bodies, this series of batteries has been basically scrapped. Ni-MH battery: an environmentally friendly product developed on the basis of nickel-cadmium batteries. Used in electric tools, etc., in recent years used in hybrid electric vehicles. The disadvantages are high cost and low temperature. For example, the ability to use outdoors in winter is greatly reduced, which limits the scope of use. General lithium battery: high single voltage, high capacity, specific energy components, green environmental protection, high-end secondary battery products. It is widely used in mobile phones, digital products, notebook computers, airplane models, etc. Its disadvantages are poor safety, easy to catch fire and explosion, only small capacity batteries can be processed, and large capacity batteries cannot be manufactured. Large capacity batteries are easy to catch fire and explode. Lithium iron phosphate battery: The safety of lithium batteries has been significantly improved, and large-capacity batteries can be processed for automobiles, energy storage, etc., in terms of functions and functions, they can replace lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, but the capital is higher than lead-acid batteries. Accumulators and nickel metal hydride batteries and some high-end products currently used only use narrow faces. Fuel Power Cell: Considered to be the most advanced battery, the anode uses oxygen in the air, while the cathode uses hydrogen or other materials that can produce hydrogen. The important product of the operation is water, which is pollution-free and has a high conversion rate. However, this technology is not yet mature, and it is estimated that it will not be widely used in 15 years. In addition, the battery system is so complicated that it can only be built in large power stations, not miniaturized. Lead-acid battery: Lowest cost, wide applicable temperature range, rechargeable, stable voltage channel, is the most widely used secondary battery, such as automobile and other vehicle startup, communication, power system backup battery, solar energy, wind energy battery, electric vehicle battery, etc. . Small batteries are used for emergency lighting and field systems. Used batteries can be recycled, and raw materials can also be recycled. If discarded batteries can be properly recycled and disposed of, they will not cause harm to the environment. (2) Overview of the development of the battery industry During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, my country's battery industry has made considerable progress and gradually established its status as the world's largest battery processing country. The classification of battery occupations in my country's industrial economy has developed from small occupations to middle occupations, and is playing an increasingly important role in the construction of my country's national economy. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Explore the cost of lithium batteries for mobile devices