Development status of lithium iron phosphate cathode material for lithium batteries

The electric vehicle industry is developing rapidly. As an important part of the automotive power lithium-ion battery, it has been highly valued by academia, investment and industry. At present, the main types of batteries used in various vehicles are lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries. Because lead-acid batteries have high pollution and small gram capacity, their cost advantages are not enough to make up for their disadvantages, and they are currently only used in the field of small electric bicycles. Hybrid electric vehicles with nickel-metal hydride batteries are now an important product for field application. Its manufacturing technology is mature and the purchase and use cost is low. Therefore, it will still be the first choice for hybrid electric vehicles in a short period of time, but its self-discharge rate is high and its specific energy is small. , The memory effect, charging heat and other problems directly affect the use of the battery. The existence of these defects makes the nickel-metal hydride battery may only be used as a transitional product; the lithium battery was developed in the 1990s and high-capacity rechargeable batteries can be stored compared to nickel-metal hydride batteries Energy, specific energy, long cycle life, small self-discharge, no memory effect, can meet the requirements, such as volume, life, higher power demand cars, has become an ideal pure electric vehicle in the future application products. There are many types of cathode materials for lithium batteries, including important varieties of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, cobalt, nickel and manganese ternary materials, and lithium iron phosphate, etc., including the highly industrialized and mature technology of existing lithium cobalt oxide cathode materials The processed varieties are mainly used for mobile phones, digital products and other small batteries, but due to the high price of raw materials, cobalt and nickel metals, pollution is heavy, and after large-scale processing of batteries, there is a danger of overheating, fire or explosion. Therefore, lithium batteries with cathode materials such as lithium manganate, ternary materials, and lithium iron phosphate have better safety performance and lower cost. Therefore, the current industry investment is mainly concentrated on these materials. Among them, because the other two materials do not have the potential advantages of cycle life and material cost, lithium iron phosphate is generally optimistic about the industry and represents the future development direction of battery cathode materials. Internationally important manufacturers of lithium iron phosphate battery materials include Canadian Forsteck, American A123, Taiwan Formosa Plastics Changneng Technology, Aleees, etc. Among them, the first three companies have mature processing technologies. In 2008, the global shipment of lithium iron phosphate was about 1,500 tons, of which 750 tons were supplied by American A123, accounting for nearly half of the total, while domestic manufacturers only supplied a few hundred tons. In 2009, the global shipment of lithium iron phosphate was approximately 1,600 tons, and in 2010, the global shipment of lithium iron phosphate was approximately 1,370 tons. According to statistics, there are currently more than 60 domestic lithium iron phosphate cathode material processing manufacturers, and nearly 20 companies have achieved batch processing, showing a situation of princes fighting. According to public statistics, the annual output of lithium iron phosphate in my country is about 6,400 tons, but the actual output is much lower than the output (less than 1/10 of the output). The industrial development of lithium iron phosphate, generally speaking, is basically synchronized with the international, and the cost of some domestic products is lower than that of similar foreign products. The performance gap is not far-fetched, but the unit capacity is not far-fetched, but it has also seen calm. The leading company is in the country. The unborn real industry lacks original innovative technology, low-end copycat spirit, and the whole, the critical point of industrialization of lithium iron phosphate materials. In the future, with the continuous improvement of lithium iron phosphate processing technology, its future direction is still optimistic about the industry. In addition to electric vehicles, bicycles, scooters, and power tools, lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used in fields such as wind power, solar power, energy storage equipment, miner’s lamp power supplies, and implantable medical equipment. It can be concluded through static measurement that in the next 5 to 7 years, if the penetration rate of lithium iron phosphate batteries is calculated based on 10% to 20% of products, only electric vehicles, electric tools, electric bicycles and electric vehicles will replace walking four in the country. The market size in each region is about 15 billion yuan, of which the partner of lithium iron phosphate declares: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. 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