What pollution does waste lithium ion battery materials have?

1. Positive and negative current collectors. Generally, aluminum foil is used for the positive electrode, and copper foil is used for the negative electrode. It is also possible to weld some nickel tapes for connection and conduction. These are basically non-toxic. Some waste lithium-ion battery recycling units appearing now rely on recycling these and steel shells and aluminum shells to make money. Label: Recyclable, no pollution. 2. The negative electrode is generally graphite, and a few may be lithium titanate or silicon-based materials. Of course, tin-based negative electrodes are also available, but they are too damn high-end and no one uses them now. Graphite is divided into natural graphite and artificial graphite. Natural graphite comes from graphite ore and then undergoes some processing. The mining of natural graphite has serious pollution. The most important thing is the damage to the respiratory tract. You can search for it; artificial graphite, It is made of high-temperature graphitization of macromolecules such as petroleum coke or pitch, which is basically pollution-free. There are some recovery methods for graphite flotation in lithium-ion batteries, but I don’t know how it’s applied now, they can definitely be recovered. The production process of lithium titanate is unclear. The silicon-based negative electrode is basically pollution-free. According to the largest amount of graphite for evaluation. Label: Moderate pollution, unclear recovery status. 3. Positive electrode: The current positive electrodes include lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, ternary materials, lithium cobalt oxide, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminate. Lithium iron phosphate is generally used as a car battery or energy storage battery and is non-toxic. Lithium manganese oxide, electric bicycle battery, non-toxic. Ternary material: Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, widely used, electric bicycles, electronic products, model airplanes, etc. Cobalt is toxic. Lithium cobalt oxide, digital products, mobile phones, pads, etc., moderately toxic. Lithium nickel cobalt aluminate: Unknown, the guess is the same as lithium nickel cobalt manganate. 4. The electrolyte is composed of organic solvents and lithium salts. Organic solvents generally include PC, EC, DEC, DMC, DME, etc., among which DMC is mild and the others are non-toxic. Lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate (the most used, and there are other lithium salts). It will hydrolyze to produce HF when exposed to water, which is toxic. 5. There are several types of shells: aluminum shell, steel shell, plastic shell, aluminum plastic film. Among them, aluminum shell and steel shell are non-toxic. Plastic shell and aluminum plastic film are white pollution. 6. Diaphragm, generally a microporous film of polyolefin, PP, PE, white pollution. 7. Adhesives. At present, there are generally styrene butadiene rubber SBR, polyvinylidene fluoride PVdF, and some acrylic adhesives. Think of these as white pollution. In addition, the most important material used in the lithium battery processing is NMP (micro-toxic), which is used as a solvent for the positive and negative electrodes, and evaporates during the manufacturing process. The company must control its emissions and recycle. I believe that the current pollution problems in lithium batteries are mainly divided into three categories: First, the pollution caused by the cleaning of the anode and cathode pulping equipment and the coating equipment during the production process. These two include materials such as cathode and anode materials, NMP, and glue. , Some companies do not control well (malicious speculation and do not want to control) leading to the leakage of toxic wastewater. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Lithium-ion battery packaging and document requirements and introduction to the risks of transportation packaging during recycling