With the vigorous development of power lithium batteries, how far are we from graphene batteries?

With the vigorous development of power lithium batteries, how far are we from graphene batteries? Since the first mass-produced electric car in 1884, people have been making unremitting efforts to increase the battery capacity, but from the timeline of the science and technology tree, the development of battery technology has been slower than other technologies. After the emergence of smart phones, the impact of the lack of battery life on the use of mobile phones became more and more obvious. A power bank has become a burden for all mobile phone users. In order to ensure the normal user experience of users, battery manufacturers have also been improving the manufacturing process of lithium batteries, but the speed of improving battery materials is much lower than the rate of increase in power consumption of other components. The thickness/performance/life of the mobile phone has become an unsolvable ternary paradox, and one must be discarded if two of them are obtained. Fortunately, the sharp weapon to increase the energy density of lithium batteries was the emergence of graphene materials. In 2004, physicists Andreiheim and Konstantin Novoselov from the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom successfully used tape to remove graphite from graphite in an experiment. The separation of graphene confirms the existence of this universal material. The two of them also won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics, which shows the importance of graphene to the world. In a narrow sense, graphene is a single-layer two-dimensional crystal composed of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice with sp2 hybrid orbitals. Broadly speaking, a graphite structure within 10 layers can also be called graphene. This material is currently known as the thinnest material in the world, with a single layer thickness of only 0.34nm. It is not only the hardest material with the highest thermal conductivity in the world, but also the material with the smallest resistance in the world. It has an electron mobility of more than 15000 cm2/Vs at room temperature, making it an ideal battery material. At present, graphene battery technology has two general directions, one is as an anode inlaid with lithium ions, and the other is as a conductive agent. As an electrode material, it can be regarded as an improved version of traditional lithium batteries. Traditional lithium batteries have always used multilayer graphite as a mosaic structure. If graphite is divided into a single-layer structure (graphene), the theoretical capacity of a lithium battery with graphene as the anode will be more than twice the capacity of a traditional lithium battery (u003e744 mAhg -1). For mobile phone batteries, such batteries are almost a dreamlike existence. Just imagine, if your mobile phone can be charged once every three days, the function of the mobile phone will change. The ultimate solution for battery fast charging technology. Graphene is not only important to lithium batteries. Graphene is the material with the highest thermal conductivity at present. If graphene is used to dissipate lithium batteries, the fast charging speed of lithium batteries can be increased again. Steps. At the 56th Japan Battery Conference in 2015, Huawei used graphene to dissipate the heat of lithium batteries, and demonstrated fast charging technology that can fully charge 48% of a 3000mAh battery in 5 minutes. ▲Huawei's graphene battery technology Picture from: Huawei's official website If graphene heat dissipation is combined with graphene as the battery's positive electrode technology, the capacity and charging speed of lithium batteries will be improved at the same time. In 2017, Samsung announced the development of a battery using graphene technology. In Samsung’s demonstration, the battery capacity of this mobile phone using graphene technology has increased by 45%, and it can be fully charged within 12 minutes. The powerful battery performance makes people see the potential of graphene batteries in electronic products. . The savior of the electric vehicle endurance experience expects graphene batteries not only for mobile phone manufacturers, but also new energy car companies that are troubled by the range. Even Tesla, which uses ternary lithium batteries, cannot be comparable to fuel vehicles. Use experience, but graphene can change this embarrassing situation. In 2014, a Spanish graphene startup called Graphenano and the University of Cordoba collaborated to develop the world’s first graphene polymer battery. An electric car powered by this battery can travel up to 1,000 kilometers, and its charging time is less than In 8 minutes, it can be seen how much graphene has improved the battery capacity and charging speed. If all electric vehicles use graphene batteries that can be fully charged in 10 minutes in the future, the battery life problem of electric vehicles will no longer exist, and fast charging stations will replace gas stations. If the owner can get off the car and go to the toilet to be fully charged, then the electric car will be as convenient as the fuel car. Regardless of the technology still on the road to industrialization, graphene is the key to the breakthrough of lithium batteries. But graphene, as a new type of material, is still too young. Whenever humans discover a new material, they must follow the principle research laboratory to produce large-scale products. Material science is different from other disciplines. It has a long experiment cycle from principle to product. Judging from the current degree of graphene manufacturing and application, graphene is still in its early stages. Although the global graphene market has reached 273 million U.S. dollars in 2018, the average annual growth rate has also remained at a rapid growth rate of 40%, but most of the production Graphene companies have not mastered the technology for large-scale mass production of graphene, and the prices of high-purity graphene materials produced are more than 1,000 yuan per gram. Such expensive materials can only appear during laboratory research. If you want to commercialize it, not to mention the technology and production is enough, I am afraid that no one will pay for the price. Graphene, a technology that is still in the early stages of industrialization, may only appear in electronic products in three to five years. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. 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