Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is the solid-state battery from us

Traditional liquid lithium-ion batteries will not be the technological end of power batteries, and it has long been an industry consensus that solid-state batteries are the only way in the post-lithium era. The technological revolution of power batteries that we are looking forward to seems to be coming soon. However, the most 'reliable' solid-state battery, but it is still full of technical challenges. Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is solid-state batteries? The reason why we chose such a topic today is also because of a word from netizens, why the use of power batteries in new energy vehicles can not completely solve the problems of safety, battery aging, and short life. So what are the advantages of the magical solid-state battery that has been circulating? Why hasn't it been achieved now? In the spirit of answering questions for netizens, I have to go back to the furnace and learn again, and talk about why solid-state batteries, which are better than traditional liquid lithium-ion batteries, have not been able to land. ■Who is the solid-state battery? Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is the solid-state battery from us? First of all, before we talk about the advantages of solid-state batteries, we must first ask who it is? The so-called solid-state battery can be well understood literally. The solid-state battery changes the liquid electrolyte into a solid state. Most of the time, the solid-state battery refers to a solid-state lithium ion battery. We all understand that traditional lithium-ion batteries are made of positive electrodes, separators, negative electrodes, and filled with electrolyte, while solid-state lithium-ion batteries, in simple terms, have no gas or liquid in the battery, and all materials exist in solid form. Use solid electrolyte instead of diaphragm and electrolyte. Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is solid-state batteries from us? At present, the mainstream solid-state electrolytes are divided into polymers, oxides, and sulfides. Recently, Toyota Motor publicly stated that it will officially unveil solid-state batteries and related technologies in 2021. The technical route taken by Toyota Motor is to use sulfide as a solid electrolyte. It can be said that the various parameters of this solid electrolyte are good, and other car companies are also further developing solid-state batteries. Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is the solid-state battery from us ■ Where are the advantages of the solid-state battery? Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is the solid-state battery from us? First, the solid-state battery solves the battery's endurance to a certain extent. At present, the highest energy density of the power batteries used in mass-produced electric vehicles is the 21700NCA ternary lithium-ion battery used by Tesla. The energy density is as high as 260Wh/kg, and its nickel-cobalt-aluminum ratio is 8:1.5:0.5, which is a high-nickel battery. The industry generally believes that the energy density of the ternary lithium-ion battery can reach 300Wh/kg and it is the end, and the highest battery energy density can reach 400Wh/kg. The energy density that solid-state batteries can provide can reach about twice that of traditional lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, the degree of freedom of battery design increases, and the battery becomes lighter with the same capacity. After all, the battery life is the life of the new energy vehicle. Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? The solid-state battery is still far from us. Looking back, the ternary lithium-ion battery used in new energy vehicles and the current lithium iron phosphate blade battery brought by BYD, the former has a stronger energy density, but its safety and life are better than The blade battery is lower. However, the current energy density of the blade battery is only 140Wh/kg, and the volume energy density reaches 230Wh/L. In addition, the physical advantages of solid-state batteries are also very obvious. The first is the weight issue. Metal lithium can be used directly as the negative electrode, thereby reducing the material used for the negative electrode. In addition, the weight of the battery can be reduced by packaging, cooling system, and space reduction. In an ideal state, the number of charging cycles for a solid-state battery can reach about 45,000. Will the power battery 'revolution' really come? How far is the solid-state battery from us? It’s worth noting that the solid electrolyte used in the solid-state battery is non-flammable, non-volatile, non-corrosive, and there is no leakage problem. The solid-state battery will not catch fire at high temperatures, so the traditional It can be said that the various safety problems faced by lithium-ion batteries have been successfully circumvented to a certain extent. At the same time, solid-state batteries seem to be able to solve the current common charging time and charging efficiency of electric vehicles. At present, the main representative model Tesla equipped with ternary lithium-ion batteries can be said that the charging speed is relatively fast. Take Model 3 as an example. , The measured fast charge time is 0.65 hours. However, it only takes about ten minutes to charge a solid-state battery, which is comparable to most current models on the market that are charged to 80%, and this is also an important turning point for new energy vehicles. However, there are still doubts in the industry that can achieve fast charging. From a comprehensive point of view, it can be determined that although the working principle of solid-state batteries is no different from traditional lithium-ion batteries. However, looking carefully, the many advantages of solid-state batteries have to some extent solved some of the technical bottlenecks of mainstream batteries such as ternary lithium-ion batteries and lithium iron phosphate, while providing a strong technical support for the next generation of lithium battery technology. However, although solid-state batteries exist as 'babies' in the eyes of current car companies, they also have some technical difficulties that have prevented them from successfully landing for such a long time. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous article: Solid-state batteries also have 'Bugs'!