Why can't aluminum air batteries replace lithium batteries

1. Mostly used for emergency power supply. Aluminum-air battery is not a battery used to store electrical energy in the traditional sense, but a chemical reaction device that releases electrical energy. Chen Tao said that its working principle is that the energy released by the oxidation reaction of active metals in water is output in the form of electrical energy through the electrolyte and special electrode materials. In layman's terms, for aluminum-air batteries, the active metal is aluminum, similar to zinc-air batteries, magnesium-air batteries, etc., but it depends on the activity of the metal (the degree of oxidative reaction that occurs in water or air). , The electrolyte and other auxiliary materials used are slightly different. 'Just add clean water' is only in the life cycle of the battery, the substance that is essentially consumed is aluminum, not water. Chen Tao told reporters that during the working process of the battery, electric energy is continuously output, and metal aluminum is continuously oxidized and consumed to produce aluminum hydroxide. The emergence of electric energy is based on the consumption of aluminum containing chemical energy. The 100 kg aluminum-air battery stores enough power to travel 3000 kilometers. After 3000 kilometers, the battery's life is over, and it needs to be reinstalled, that is, to replenish the metal aluminum. According to analysis, aluminum-air batteries have come out as early as the 1960s. But until now, most of its research is still at the theoretical stage, and there are not many practical uses. At home, most of its research focuses on emergency power supplies; while abroad, scientists are studying certain electrode materials or battery systems for special use occasions, and are trying to find breakthroughs in the use of aluminum-air batteries. 2. Safety risks to be tested. In addition to the inconvenience of batteries that store electrical energy, they also have many inconveniences compared with other gas fuel power batteries, such as hydrogen fuel power batteries, which can conveniently fill, store, and transport hydrogen to chemical reactions. Device, but it is obviously inconvenient for aluminum, which is a solid metal object. Secondly, there are many side reactions, the reaction process is not easy to control, and some reaction products hinder the continuous reaction to a certain extent, release a lot of heat, and at the same time, flammable and explosive gases appear. In the development of electric vehicles, aluminum seems to be playing a more important role. An interesting phenomenon is that the battery life of Tesla electric vehicles in the United States can be increased to 300 kilometers to 400 kilometers. The batteries used are mainly nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary materials, while my country's electric vehicles use nickel-cobalt-manganese. The difference in metal is aluminum. From this point of view, it is really a breakthrough. However, the resulting security risks need to be further tested. Electric vehicles driven by lithium batteries are difficult to popularize. The biggest obstacle is the limited mileage. The current endurance is mostly between 135 kilometers and 480 kilometers. Unless there are a large number of fast charging stations along the way, it is not suitable to drive electric vehicles for long-distance travel. A small number of vehicles larger than 200 kilometers are extremely expensive and cannot be popularized. 3. Is it still unknown whether aluminum-air batteries can replace lithium batteries? Geely Automobile Research Institute has done related simulation modeling experiments to study the use of aluminum-air batteries as energy sources for electric vehicles from the perspective of vehicle dynamics, paying attention to their own potential. The amount of electricity and power released. Aluminum-air battery is an energy source. Relative to batteries that can store electrical energy, an aluminum-air battery of the same weight can release more electrical energy. Its energy density is high, but its releasable power is extremely low. Meet the needs of vehicles, especially when they are just started. This is equivalent to a fuel car. The fuel tank is large, but the engine is small. It can go a long way, but it goes very slowly. In contrast, the speed of lithium-ion batteries will be more stable. If the aluminum-air battery of the same power (that is, the vehicle has the same speed) is used, its weight will be about 4 to 5 times that of a lithium-ion battery. In other words, the standard energy of an electric vehicle should be that the strength of the aluminum-air battery is used in actual use to obtain a longer driving range, and at the same time, it must be supplemented by the short of the aluminum-air battery and equipped with a power-type battery. Make the vehicle have good power performance. At present, aluminum-air batteries are used in mobile communication devices and notebook computers, but they are all experimental and not very widespread. In the future use of electric vehicles, there are still many technical issues that need to be solved urgently. Whether it can successfully become the energy source for electric vehicles depends on the final choice of the market. In other areas, from the perspective of the technical characteristics of the aluminum-air battery itself, it seems more suitable as an emergency power source and a mobile power station. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it. Previous: What are the reasons why the battery life may be shortened?