Where are the lithium titanate batteries used? Introduction to the charging and discharging principle of lithium titanate battery

Where is the lithium titanate battery used? The lithium titanate battery is the battery with the longest life and the highest safety in lithium batteries. The lithium-ion titanate battery has a long cycle life and can achieve more than 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, which is higher than that of ordinary lithium-ion batteries. At present, the domestic market technology of lithium titanate battery is relatively mature, and it is mainly used in fields such as buses and shuttle buses in the application of electric vehicles. Discharge principle of lithium titanate battery Lithium titanate battery consists of positive and negative plates (the active material of the positive electrode is ternary lithium, and the negative electrode is lithium titanate), separator, electrolyte, tabs, and stainless steel (aluminum alloy) housing. The positive and negative plates are the electrochemical reaction area, the diaphragm and the electrolyte supply the transmission channel of Li, and the tabs play the role of guiding current. When the battery is charged, Li+ migrates from the ternary lithium material to the surface of the crystal, and is removed from the positive plate material. Under the use of electric field force, it enters the electrolyte, passes through the diaphragm, and then migrates to the negative electrode lithium titanate crystal through the electrolyte. The surface is then embedded in the negative lithium titanate spinel structure material. At the same time, electrons flow through the positive aluminum box, through the tab, battery pole, load, negative pole, and negative tab to the negative aluminum foil electrode, and then flow through the conductor to the lithium titanate negative electrode to balance the charge. . When the battery is discharged, Li is deintercalated from the lithium titanate spinel structure material, enters the electrolyte, passes through the diaphragm, and then migrates to the surface of the ternary lithium crystal through the electrolyte, and then re-inserts into the ternary lithium material. At the same time, electrons flow to the aluminum foil electrode of the negative electrode through the conductor, flow to the aluminum foil electrode of the battery positive electrode through the tab, battery negative pole, load, positive pole, and positive tab, and then flow to the ternary lithium positive pole through the conductor. To balance the charge. It can be seen that the basic principle of lithium titanate battery is that in the process of charging and discharging, the corresponding lithium ions are intercalated back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes to complete the charging and discharging of the battery and the power supply to the load. The charge and discharge diagram of lithium titanate battery is shown in the figure: Discharge principle of lithium titanate battery_When the battery is charged, the stopper loses electrons, and the lithium ions are extracted and embedded in the negative electrode; while the negative electrode is inserted into lithium ions, the electrons become rich Lithium state. The process of discharging is just the opposite. In the Li+ intercalation or deintercalation reaction process, lithium titanate (Li4Ti5012) is an ideal intercalation electrode material. Li+ intercalation and deintercalation have almost no effect on the material structure, so it is called a zero-strain material, thus ensuring Its good cycle performance. There are two different molecular structures of lithium titanate-Li7TI5012 and Li4TI3012. The crystal structure of Li7TI5012 and the crystal structure of Li4TI5012 are both spinel structure, and the change of the lattice constant is very small, and the volume change is also very small. It can prevent the electrode material from stretching back and forth during the charge-discharge cycle to cause structural damage, thereby improving the cycle performance and service life of the electrode, reducing the capacity attenuation caused by the increase in the number of cycles, and making lithium titanate have an excellent cycle performance. The electrochemical reaction equation of lithium titanate battery: positive electrode reaction: LiNi⅓Mn⅓Co⅓02→LiNi⅓Mn⅓Co⅓02+xLi﹢+xe﹣ negative electrode reaction: Li4Ti5012+xLi﹢+xe-→Li4+xTi50⅓02+LiNi⅓Co⅓02+LiNi⅓⅓02⅓Ni Li4+xTi5012 Statement: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete the previous article: How to use lithium ion batteries