What kinds of batteries are in the energy storage system?

Energy storage systems are widely used and can be divided into water storage energy storage, air energy storage, and chemical energy storage according to different use environments and conditions; the batteries used are also divided into lead-acid batteries and nickel according to the types of batteries. Series batteries, lithium batteries, flow batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries. 01 Lead-acid battery is a kind of battery whose electrode is mainly made of lead and its oxide, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. In the discharge state of a lead-acid battery, the important component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide and the important component of the negative electrode is lead; in the charged state, the important component of the positive and negative electrodes are lead sulfate. The main advantages are: safe sealing, air venting system, simple maintenance, long service life, stable quality, and high reliability; the disadvantage is that the lead pollution is large and the energy density is low (that is, too bulky). 02Nickel battery Ni-MH battery is a kind of battery with good performance. The positive electrode active material of the nickel-hydrogen battery is Ni(OH)2 (called NiO electrode), the negative electrode active material is metal hydride, also called hydrogen storage alloy (the electrode is called hydrogen storage electrode), and the electrolyte is 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution. Its important advantages are: high energy density, fast charge and discharge speed, light weight, long life, no environmental pollution; disadvantages are slight memory effect, more management problems, and easy formation of single battery separator melting. 03 Lithium battery Li-ion battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Due to the very active chemical characteristics of lithium metal, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal are environmentally friendly. The requirements are very high. With the development of science and technology, lithium-ion batteries have now become the mainstream. Its important advantages are: long service life, high storage energy density, light weight, strong adaptability; disadvantages are poor safety, easy explosion, high cost, and restricted use conditions. 04 Flow battery Flow energy storage battery is a kind of device suitable for stationary large-scale energy storage (electricity storage). Compared with the current commonly used lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and other secondary batteries, it has power and energy storage. The capacity can be independently designed (the energy storage medium is stored outside the battery), high efficiency, long life, deep discharge, environmental friendliness and other advantages. It is one of the preferred technologies for large-scale energy storage technology. Its important advantages are: flexible layout, long cycle life, fast response times, and no harmful emission; the disadvantage is that the energy density varies greatly. 05 Sodium-sulfur battery The sodium-sulfur battery is a secondary battery with metallic sodium as the negative electrode, sulfur as the positive electrode, and ceramic tube as the electrolyte diaphragm. Under a certain degree of work, sodium ions permeate the reversible reaction between the electrolyte membrane and sulfur to form the release and storage of energy. Its important advantages are: the specific energy is as high as 760Wh/kg, there is no self-discharge phenomenon, the discharge efficiency can reach almost 100%, and the life span can reach 10-15 years; the disadvantage is that it melts sulfur and sodium at a high temperature of 350ºC. 06 Ternary lithium ion battery Ternary polymer lithium ion battery refers to a lithium ion battery using lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li (NiCoMn) O2) ternary cathode material as the cathode material. The ternary composite cathode material is nickel salt, cobalt Salt and manganese salt are used as raw materials. The ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The battery with ternary material as the positive electrode is related to the safety of lithium cobalt oxide battery, but the voltage is too low for use in mobile phones (the cut-off voltage of mobile phones) Generally around 3.0V) there will be an obvious feeling of insufficient capacity. Its important advantages are: good cycle performance; the disadvantage is that the use is limited. 07 Lithium iron phosphate lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery refers to a lithium ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. The cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries are mainly lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate and so on. Among them, lithium cobalt oxide is currently the cathode material used in most lithium-ion batteries. Its important advantages include: improved safety performance, improved lifespan, good high-temperature performance, large capacity, no memory effect, light weight, and environmental protection; the disadvantages are that it will cause micro short circuits, lower energy density, higher manufacturing costs, and poor product consistency. , Intellectual property issues. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. 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