What kinds of batteries are commonly used in electric vehicles?

Lithium-ion batteries can be divided into cylindrical batteries, square batteries, and soft-pack batteries according to the subdivision of the batteries. 1: Cylindrical battery The common cylindrical battery specifications for electric vehicle batteries are: 18650, 32650. The most common is 18650 batteries. 18650 batteries are divided into energy storage batteries and power batteries. Energy storage batteries are suitable for electric bicycles that do not require high discharge current, such as small electric bicycles that require a driving speed of 30KM/H. The power cell has a large discharge current, such as 3C discharge, 5C discharge and 10C discharge; it is often used in electric vehicles, electric motorcycles and other large electric vehicles that require driving speed. Cylindrical batteries have the advantages of mature technology, wide application range, changeable combination, and low price. Cylindrical batteries are divided into lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries from the positive electrode material. The lithium batteries have a rated voltage of 3.6V or 3.7V, a full charge of 4.2V, and a discharge limit of 2.75 or 3.0V. Lithium battery core materials commonly include lithium manganate ion, lithium cobalt oxide, and ternary lithium ion. Lithium iron phosphate battery has a rated voltage of 3.2V and a full charge of 3.6V; the discharge voltage is limited to 2.5V or 2.0V. Cylindrical batteries are currently the main force in electric vehicle batteries. 2: Square battery Electric vehicle square battery cells are commonly 3.2V lithium iron phosphate square battery and 3.7V lithium square battery. Different from cylindrical batteries, the capacity of square batteries is generally very large, such as 50Ah, 60Ah, 80Ah, etc. The size is generally large and the price is also expensive. A battery is calculated according to how much 1Ah is. Compared with the cylindrical battery cell, it is more convenient to form an electric vehicle battery, and it can be connected in series. It is used more on electric motorcycles, and the batteries used in low-speed vehicles are generally square batteries. 3: Soft-pack battery The difference between soft-pack battery and cylindrical battery is not big, but the shape and process are different. The voltage is generally 3.7V, and the small capacity is only a few hundred mAh and the large capacity is more than 10,000 mAh. Soft pack batteries are also known as lithium ion polymer batteries. They are a little safer than cylindrical batteries. They will not explode like cylindrical batteries, but will catch fire or deflagration. Only a few electric vehicles will use soft pack batteries as batteries. Two: Lead-acid batteries The lead-acid batteries used in electric vehicles are mostly maintenance-free. Lead-acid batteries are batteries whose electrodes are mainly made of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution. In the discharge state of a lead-acid battery, the important component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the important component of the negative electrode is lead; in the charged state, the important components of the positive and negative electrodes are lead sulfate. The nominal voltage of a single-cell lead-acid battery is 2.0V, which can be discharged to 1.5V and can be charged to 2.4V; 6 single-cell lead-acid batteries are often connected in series to form a lead-acid battery with a nominal 12V. Common capacities are 12Ah, 20Ah. It is similar to a square battery but heavier than a square battery. When using, just connect a single battery in series to form 48V and 60V. The lead-acid capacity is generally not large. The number of cycles is about 300-500, and it is not resistant to low temperatures. In the northern winter, the battery usage time may be directly discounted by 50%. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete.