What is the working principle of the primary battery?

A device that generates electric current through an oxidation-reduction reaction is called a galvanic cell, or a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Some primary batteries can constitute reversible batteries, and some primary batteries are not reversible batteries. When the galvanic battery is discharged, the negative electrode attacks the oxidation reaction, and the positive electrode attacks the recovery reaction. The principle of the galvanic battery is to use the potential difference between the two electrodes to attack the potential difference, make the electrons active, and attack the current. What is the electrical reaction process? Let us take a detailed look at the working principle of the primary battery. 1. The working principle of the primary battery The working principle of the primary battery: The primary battery reaction is an exothermic reaction, and the recovery is usually an oxidation reaction, but the recovery is different from the general oxidation reaction. The effective collision of the oxidant and the recovery agent that does not pass through the electron transmission, but loses The electron attack is the cathodic oxidation reaction of the healing agent, electrons are transported to the anode through the outside, the oxidant healing reaction is the anode electron attack, and the electron transfer between the end recycling agent and the oxidant. The solution of the directional movement of ions between the north and south poles and the directional movement of electrons form a closed circuit on the external line, which makes the two electrodes react, and the orderly electron transfer process and current trigger realize the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. However, it is worth noting that the non-oxidative recovery reaction can also be programmed into the galvanic cell. From the perspective of energy conversion, a galvanic battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. From a chemical reaction point of view, the principle of the galvanic cell is that in the oxidation-reduction reaction, the electrons lost by the reducing agent are transferred to the oxidant through an external wire, so that the oxidation-reduction reaction proceeds on two electrodes respectively. Second, the principle of the formation of the galvanic cell 1. The electrode data is composed of two different vivid metals or other conductive materials (non-metals or certain oxides, etc.). 2. The presence of electrolytes. 3. The wire is connected to form a closed circuit between the two electrodes. 4. The onset response is a spontaneous oxidative recovery response. As long as the first three conditions can constitute a primary battery. Since the chemical power supply needs to supply a continuous and stable current, it must have the three components of the original battery, but also a spontaneous chemical reaction. In other words, chemical power is necessary for primary batteries, but primary batteries may not be able to make chemical batteries. Composition premise: The total reaction is a spontaneous chemical reaction. Note: All the primary batteries in the new class of chemistry have oxidation-reduction reactions, but non-oxidation-reduction reactions can be planned as primary batteries. 3. The composition of the electrode A. Zinc-copper battery, with zinc as the negative electrode and copper as the positive electrode; B. Metal and non-metal (non-metallic) zinc-manganese dry battery, with zinc as the negative electrode and graphite as the positive electrode; C. Metal and compound. Lead battery, the lead plate is the negative electrode, and the lead dioxide is the positive electrode; D. The inert electrode is the hydrogen-oxygen fuel power battery with platinum electrode. The choice of electrolyte: The negative electrode data should be able to react with the spontaneous oxidation and recovery of the electrolyte. 4. Positive and negative discrimination. Under normal circumstances, a certain electrode in a galvanic battery is continuously dissolved or its quality is continuously reduced, and the electrode undergoes an oxidation reaction, that is, the negative electrode (anode, anode) of the galvanic battery. If the battery is in the presence of a certain electrode gas, the quality of the electrode is added or the quality of the electrode is unchanged, and the beginning of the electrode reaction is restored, which is the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the cathode). [3-4] The positive electrode regains its response when attacked and gains electrons; the negative electrode reacts with oxidation and loses electrons. Electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, and current flows from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. In the solution, cations move to the positive electrode, and anions move to the negative electrode. The electrode distinguishes the negative electrode: the electrode where electrons flow (the meaning of the negative electrode); the polarity of the valence is added; one electrode of the oxidation reaction; the activity is relatively strong (sometimes the influence of the electrolyte solution on the north and south poles is also considered). (Only applicable to primary batteries) Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous post: How to use lithium batteries safely?