What is the nature of the average voltage of lithium electricity?

Source: 2020 - 03 - 23 14:03 hits: time is the average voltage of the nature of the lithium battery? How to improve? 1. By using the method of topography and light electron spectroscopy, speculated that ion Fermi energy and electronic work function and its exact value changes in battery operation. 2. By calculating the positive data with several different crystal structure of thin film lithium metal materials of ionization potential difference, the relations between the uniform ionization potential and battery voltage. 3. Through concrete experiment and comparison, the author found that almost all the positive data of uniform battery voltage value close to the ionization potential data, but the defects of the positive data will lead to relative error is bigger. What is the nature of lithium in uniform voltage? How to? ( The research background) In general, the higher the volume of the electrode, even the battery voltage may be higher, it was beneficial to the improvement of the battery energy density. At the same time, the uniform of the battery voltage is determined by the lithium ion exchange reaction enthalpy, including lithium ion in the active electrode inserted on the data layer and stripping. For the average positive data, the electrode reaction at first glance seems a REDOX reaction, but this view without considering the speculation of the interaction between electrons and ions. As a result of these interactions, reactivity of the electronic states of transition metal ions depends on the extent of the insert. What is the nature of lithium in uniform voltage? How to? In this article, Germany darmstadt university of technology of Wolfram Jaegermann professor, because the lack of the understanding of the traditional uniform battery voltage analysis method, this paper proposes a new approach for the analysis of uniform battery electrode potential. As shown, as the electrode Fermi energy and electronic structure of the density of states ( DOS) Schematic diagram. As you can see, under normal circumstances, the positive data - Fermi level in tm 3 d export zone, and as the change of state of charge and mobile, its displacement is associated with the corresponding displacement of electronic chemical potential. However, just from the diagram of information is not complete, because it does not take into account the metal lithium and other lithium ion of the chemical potential difference between the cathode. In order to more accurately reflect the lithium battery electrode voltage, can through the change of gibbs free energy & Delta; G after the show, maybe the chemical potential difference between the positive and negative lithium ( μ μ CLi, ALi) In lithium, to say, what is the nature of uniform voltage? How to? In the type, said that the charge transfer between the electrode (z Here is the 1) , F Faraday constant. In the form of chemical potential of the lithium can be divided into electronic chemical potential & Delta; Δ μ μ E and the chemical potential of li + ions, and further describes the positive and negative gibbs free energy change, and the electron and ion exchange. It is generally believed electronic play a leading role. In olivine hypothesis, for example, replacing transition metal ions with higher ionization potential can obtain a higher voltage, this conclusion is supported by many reports ( j。 Electrochem) 。 Soc。 , 144, 1188 ( 1997). ; Journals. Chemistry. B、108、16093 ( 2004). 。 ) 。 In order to further understand the electrode in the electron and ion exchange, the basic process and its effect on the performance of the battery, Ceder and others have developed the first first principles calculations ( 物理) 。 牧师。 B, 56 ( 3) , 1354 ( 1997). 。 ) 。 But so far, there has been no experiment can describe electron - The influence of ion interaction on the battery voltage. Electrochemical potential of electronic solid Fermi energy and electronic work function of the difference to determine. Therefore, in this article, the author looks like science, photoelectron spectroscopy is used to obtain information and guess the Fermi level of ion electron work function and precision value to change the operation of the battery, the differences of the crystalline structure of the ionization potential of computing a few positive data with lithium metal film, found the relationship between the unity of ionization potential and battery voltage.