What is the difference between a ternary lithium ion battery and a quaternary lithium battery

Ternary lithium-ion battery refers to a lithium-ion battery that uses lithium nickel cobalt manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate as the positive electrode material, and the ratio of these elements determines the battery’s storage performance, charge and discharge efficiency and stability Now, most of the ternary batteries on the market are matched with a generally recognized relatively stable ratio, so they are more secure in terms of safety, but appear to be somewhat limited in terms of performance. The ternary lithium-ion battery is characterized by high energy density and higher voltage, so the battery capacity of the battery pack of the same weight is larger, the distance the car can run is longer, and the speed can also be faster. But its weakness lies in its poor stability. If there is an internal short circuit or the positive electrode material meets water, there will be an open flame. So generally 18650 batteries will have a layer of steel protection. Precisely because ternary lithium materials have such potential safety hazards, lithium-ion battery manufacturers are also working hard to prevent accidents. According to the easy pyrolysis characteristics of ternary lithium materials, manufacturers will do a lot of overcharge protection (OVP), over discharge protection (UVP), over temperature protection (OTP), and over current protection (OCP). effort. From the current point of view, people's pursuit of high battery life will not stop in a short time, which means that the ternary lithium-ion battery may still be the first choice for many new energy vehicles for a long time. Moreover, it can be seen from the trend in recent years that high-nickel ternary materials have become the target of more manufacturers because of their greater advantages in specific energy. Four yuan, more metal elements than three yuan, because of the metal element of cobalt, its selling price and cost in the market are very high. Many car companies hope to find a metal element with lower cost and better performance to replace it. This quaternary lithium-ion battery is an exploration to abandon or reduce the cobalt element. For example, adding aluminum to the ternary basis of high content of nickel, and changing the conventional practice of graphite anodes, adding a silicon-carbon layer, which forms a more stable quaternary lithium-ion battery. However, the current battery technology is not very mature and is still being explored. In addition to quaternary lithium-ion batteries, there are also cobalt-free batteries on the market. The reserves of cobalt element are inherently small, and more than 60% of the global cobalt is in the unstable African country Congo. The cobalt element is reduced, the cell is cobalt-free, and the specific element of unpaired electron spin is doped to weaken the electron super Exchange phenomenon. Regarding quaternary lithium-ion batteries, NCMA materials have obvious advantages over NCM materials in terms of cycle performance and thermal stability. As a new generation of lithium-ion battery technology, batteries have been improved with high-capacity cathode materials, and battery safety has also been greatly improved. On the whole, the technology for quaternary lithium-ion batteries is not too mature, and it still has a long way to go to achieve mass production. The quaternary lithium-ion battery can theoretically take into account low cost under the premise of high energy density and high stability. However, the production process of NCMA cathode material is more complicated than the preparation of NCM or NCA. Although the starting point is to reduce costs, in fact, in a short period of time, its production cost is definitely higher than NCM or NCA, just like the current low-cobalt NCM811 The material is higher and the same price than NCM622. Therefore, the prospects for large-scale mass production of quaternary lithium-ion batteries are not yet clear. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Which type of battery is more suitable for producing energy storage batteries?