What is a super capacitor and what are its characteristics? ?

Supercapacitor, also known as Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor (Electrical Double-Layer Capacitor) is a new type of energy storage device, which has the characteristics of short charging time, long service life, good temperature characteristics, energy saving and environmental protection. Its capacity is much larger than usual capacitors. Because of its large capacity and the same external performance as a battery, it is also called a 'capacitor battery' or a 'golden battery'. The electric energy stored in traditional physical capacitors comes from the separation of electric charges on two plates. Between the two plates is a vacuum (relative permittivity of 1) or a layer of dielectric material (relative permittivity of ε). Isolation, the capacitance value is: Cu003dεA/3.6πd10-6(μF) where A is the area of u200bu200bthe plate and d is the thickness of the medium. The stored energy is: Eu003dC(ΔV)2/2, where C is the capacitance value, and ΔV is the voltage drop between the plates. It can be seen that if you want to obtain a larger capacitance and store more energy, you must increase Large area A may reduce the thickness of the medium d, but this expansion space is limited, resulting in smaller power and energy storage. In summary, the super capacitor has the following 9 characteristics. (1) The charging speed is fast, and it can reach more than 95% of its rated capacity as long as it is charged for tens of seconds to a few minutes; and it usually takes several hours to charge the lead-acid battery with the largest use area. (2) The cycle life is long, and the number of deep charge and discharge cycles can reach 500,000 times. If the super capacitor is charged and discharged 20 times a day, it can be used continuously for up to 68 years. If correspondingly compared with lead-acid batteries, its service life can reach 68 years, and there is no 'memory effect'. (3) High current discharge capacity, high energy conversion efficiency, low process loss, high current energy cycle efficiency ≥90%; (4) High power density, up to 300W/kg~5000W/kg, which is equivalent to that of ordinary batteries Dozens of times; the specific energy is greatly increased. Generally, lead-acid batteries can only reach 200W/kg, while the current research and development of supercapacitor batteries can reach 10KW/kg. (5) The product raw material composition, production, use, storage and dismantling process are all No pollution, it is an ideal green environmental protection power supply; (6) Simple charging and discharging circuit, no need for charging circuits like rechargeable batteries, high safety factor, long-term use and maintenance-free; (7) Good ultra-low temperature characteristics, and a wide range of ambient temperature for use ℃～+70℃; (8) Convenient detection, the remaining power can be read directly; (9) The monomer capacity range is usually 0.1F--3400F. For supercapacitors, there can be different classification methods based on different contents. First, according to different energy storage mechanisms, supercapacitors can be divided into two categories: electric double-layer capacitors and Faraday quasi-capacitors. Among them, the electric double-layer capacitor mainly generates stored energy through the adsorption of pure electrostatic charges on the surface of the electrode. Faraday quasi-capacitors mainly generate Faraday quasi-capacitors through Faraday quasi-capacitance active electrode materials (such as transition metal oxides and high molecular polymers) on the surface and near the surface of the reversible redox reaction to generate Faraday quasi-capacitors, thereby achieving energy storage and conversion. Secondly, according to the type of electrolyte, it can be divided into two categories: water-based supercapacitors and organic supercapacitors. In addition, according to whether the types of active materials are the same, they can be divided into symmetrical supercapacitors and asymmetrical supercapacitors. Finally, according to the state and form of the electrolyte, supercapacitors can be divided into solid electrolyte supercapacitors and liquid electrolyte supercapacitors. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous post: What is a ternary lithium battery and how long is the life of a ternary lithium battery?