What are the types of pure electric vehicle batteries?

In terms of major categories, there are two major categories of batteries for electric vehicles, storage batteries and fuel-powered batteries. Batteries are suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries, and air batteries. Among them, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries appeared earlier, and they are also battery types that have been generally eliminated. Today, mainstream pure electric vehicles basically use lithium batteries, including lithium cobalt oxide batteries. , Such as Tesla products; lithium manganese oxide batteries, such as Toyota Prius, Nissan Leaf; lithium iron phosphate batteries, such as BYD products, ZINORO 1E, etc. Lead-acid batteries are the most commonly used new energy vehicle batteries. The plate of the lead-acid battery is a grid made of lead alloy, the electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid, and both plates are covered with lead sulfate. However, after charging, the lead sulfate at the positive electrode plate is transformed into lead dioxide, and the lead sulfate at the negative electrode is transformed into metallic lead. When discharging, a chemical reaction in the opposite direction occurs. The advantage of lead-acid batteries is that the electromotive force is relatively stable during discharge, but the disadvantage is that they have low specific energy and are highly corrosive to the environment. Ni-MH batteries are widely used in hybrid new energy vehicles. They have a large energy density ratio, which can effectively extend the driving time of the vehicle. Moreover, the nickel-hydrogen battery has a stable and proper discharge characteristic, a smooth discharge curve, and a small amount of heat. It is too large and polluted. Compared with lead-acid batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries have the advantages of high working voltage, large specific energy, small size, light weight, long cycle life, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect, and no pollution. Therefore, more and more Many automobile manufacturers choose to use lithium batteries as the power lithium-ion batteries for pure electric vehicles. There are three most commonly used lithium batteries, namely lithium cobalt oxide batteries, lithium manganese oxide batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium cobalt oxide batteries have high efficiency, large discharge current, high charging speed, and light weight; but the disadvantage is that the stability is relatively poor, which is why this battery technology is difficult to produce large-capacity battery cells. Lithium manganese oxide battery has a slightly lower cost and is not as aggressive as lithium cobalt oxide. It has better low temperature performance and is more suitable for use in cold areas. However, the high temperature stability is not good enough, it is easy to swell, and the cycle life decays faster. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: How to test the power of the lithium iron phosphate battery?