What are the types of batteries in an energy storage system?

As we all know, energy storage can be divided into mechanical energy storage and chemical energy storage. Mechanical energy storage can be divided into pumped water storage, compressed air energy storage, and flywheel energy storage; chemical energy storage (that is, the battery we usually call) can be divided into lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries, lithium-based batteries, and liquid flow. Battery, sodium-sulfur battery. 01 Lead-acid battery is a battery whose electrodes are mainly made of lead and its oxide, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. In the discharge state of a lead-acid battery, the major component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide and the major component of the negative electrode is lead; under the state of charge, the major components of the positive and negative electrodes are lead sulfate. The main advantages are: safe sealing, venting system, simple maintenance, long service life, stable quality, and high reliability; the disadvantage is that the lead pollution is large, and the energy density is low (that is, too bulky). 02Nickel battery Ni-MH battery is a kind of battery with good performance. The positive electrode active material of the nickel-hydrogen battery is Ni(OH)2 (called NiO electrode), the negative electrode active material is metal hydride, also called hydrogen storage alloy (the electrode is called hydrogen storage electrode), and the electrolyte is 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution. Its key advantages are: high energy density, fast charge and discharge speed, light weight, long life, and no environmental pollution; disadvantages are slight memory effect, more management problems, and easy formation of single battery separator melting. 03 Lithium battery Lithium battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Due to the very active chemical characteristics of lithium metal, the production, storage and use of lithium metal have environmental requirements very high. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become the mainstream. Its key advantages include: long service life, high storage energy density, light weight, and strong adaptability; disadvantages are poor safety, easy explosion, high cost, and restricted use conditions. 04 Flow battery Flow energy storage battery is a type of device suitable for stationary large-scale energy storage (electricity storage). Compared with the current commonly used lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and other secondary batteries, it has power and energy storage. The capacity can be independently designed (the energy storage medium is stored outside the battery), high efficiency, long life, deep discharge, environmentally friendly and other advantages. It is one of the preferred technologies for large-scale energy storage technology. Its key advantages are: flexible layout, long cycle life, fast response time, and no harmful emission; the disadvantage is that the energy density varies greatly. 05 Sodium-sulfur battery The sodium-sulfur battery is a secondary battery with metallic sodium as the negative electrode, sulfur as the positive electrode, and ceramic tube as the electrolyte diaphragm. Under a certain degree of work, sodium ions permeate the reversible reaction between the electrolyte membrane and sulfur to form the release and storage of energy. Its key advantages are: specific energy up to 760Wh/kg, no self-discharge phenomenon, discharge efficiency up to almost 100%, and life span can reach 10-15 years; the disadvantage is that it melts sulfur and sodium at a high temperature of 350ºC. 06 Ternary lithium battery Ternary polymer lithium battery refers to a lithium battery that uses lithium nickel cobalt manganate (Li (NiCoMn) O2) ternary cathode material as the cathode material. The ternary composite cathode material is nickel salt, cobalt salt, and manganese. Salt is the raw material, and the ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese in it can be adjusted according to actual needs. The battery with ternary material as the positive electrode is related to the safety of lithium cobalt oxide battery, but the voltage is too low for use in mobile phones (the cut-off voltage of mobile phones is generally 3.0V Left and right) There will be a distinct feeling of insufficient capacity. Its key advantages are: good cycle performance; the disadvantage is that the use is limited. 07 Lithium iron phosphate lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. The cathode materials of lithium batteries mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, ternary materials, and lithium iron phosphate. Among them, lithium cobalt oxide is currently the cathode material used in most lithium batteries. Its key advantages include: improved safety performance, improved lifespan, good high-temperature performance, large capacity, no memory effect, light weight, and environmental protection; the disadvantages are that it will cause micro short circuits, lower energy density, higher manufacturing costs, and poor product consistency. , Intellectual property issues. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous article: What is the significance of equalizing charging of lithium iron phosphate battery pack