What are the important types of lithium batteries?

Types of lithium batteries As society progresses, humans need more and more energy. Traditional fossil energy is not only non-renewable, but overuse will aggravate environmental degradation. Although today's electricity structure is basically based on fossil fuels, the importance of using renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy has been recognized. But these dynamics are not continuous. For energy storage, batteries are the ideal equipment to store chemical forms of electrical energy. In particular, secondary batteries are used in modern mobile phones, watches, and even automobiles. In the decades of development, the performance of batteries has been gradually optimized. This is a goal that people are constantly pursuing higher than energy. Due to the small specific gravity of lithium (Mu003d6.94g/mol), the electrode potential is very low (standard electrode potential -3.045V), and it is a metal with high energy density. The lithium battery system can theoretically reach the maximum energy density, so it naturally enters the field of vision of researchers. Important types of lithium batteries: Lithium batteries are divided into lithium primary batteries (also called lithium primary batteries) and lithium secondary batteries (lithium rechargeable batteries). Lithium secondary batteries were first proposed by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1912 and caused People's attention to vivid metal batteries. Lithium batteries are developed on the basis of lithium secondary batteries. The general development process is shown in Figure 1. Li-Summary Battery (Lithium Battery) Li-Summary Battery is an organic electrolyte used in lithium battery cells. It consists of a button or a cylindrical shape. The open circuit voltage is 3.5V, the load voltage is 2.8V, and the specific energy is 200whwh/L/kg and 500 years, the battery life is more than 10 years at room temperature, and the safety performance is good in the process of storage and discharge gas emission. (-)Li|LiClO4,PC+DMG|MnO2(+) Negative reaction: Li-e-→Li+Li positive response: summary+++e-→MnOOLi battery reaction: Li+summary→MnOOLi According to the above reaction, lithium- The lithium ions in the MnO2 discharge lithium anode enter the electrolyte solution, and the positive manganese dioxide electrons are reduced to trivalent manganese. Together, the lithium ions enter the manganese dioxide lattice to form manganese dioxide (Li), namely MnOOLi. This battery is mainly used for low-power discharge. Its energy ratio is 5 to 7 times that of lead-acid batteries. During the storage and discharge of the battery, no gas is released, self-discharge is small, and the internal pressure of the battery will not increase due to the decomposition of active materials. Small and medium capacity batteries are suitable for the power supply of small electronic computers, cameras and small communication equipment. Large-capacity batteries are suitable for occasions where the battery power ratio is high and the use time is long. Therefore, they can be used as ideal power sources in the military field. Lithium-socl2 battery (lithium primary battery) Lithium-socl2 battery is a mature organic electrolyte battery. The open circuit voltage can reach 3.6~3.7V, the voltage is stable, the load voltage accuracy is high, and the specific energy is high. Table 1 shows the cost comparison of some commonly used small battery series active materials. It can be seen that among the commonly used batteries, the li-socl2 battery has the lowest cost. The electrochemical expression of lithium-socl2 battery is: (-)Li|lialcl4-socl2|C(+) The electrolyte is the SOCl2 solution of LiAlCl4. SOCl2 is the solvent of the electrolyte and is a positive active material. Battery reaction: The sulfur dioxide of the 4li+2socl-4+S+liclSO2 emission product is partially dissolved in SOCl2, and a large amount of sulfur is separated and deposited in the positive carbon black. LiCl is not allowed. The reaction between the negative electrode lithium of the battery and SOCl2 is as follows: Li: 8+3socl2 and licl6+Li2S2O4+S2Cl2 Because the product LiCl forms a fine protective film to prevent the reaction from occurring, and because it is still a solid electrolyte that allows ions to pass Membrane, so the normal anode dissolution of the lithium electrode is not hindered. But SOCl2 battery has two outstanding problems, namely voltage lag and safety problems. The voltage lag is due to lithium chloride, which covers the lithium anode film, which causes the voltage lag and prevents the battery from discharging itself. In addition, the longer the storage time, the higher the storage temperature, the thicker the film, and the more obvious the hysteresis. When the SOCl2 battery is short-circuited, it will cause a thermal reaction between Li and S: when Li+2s to Li2S is at 145 degrees, hydrogen sulfide reacts violently with SOCl2, causing an explosion. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous post: Analysis of four problems in the negative electrode of lithium batteries