What are the fire protection strategies for lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion battery fire prevention requires the establishment of multiple lines of defense with strategic depth. In addition to the use of non-flammable or flame-retardant materials inside the battery to make the battery intrinsically safe, the first line of defense outside the battery is to prevent various inducements that cause the battery to overheat and catch fire, such as overcharge, short circuit, impact, etc. The electrical system must be designed for safety. When the first line of defense is breached (for example, the battery management system fails to cut off the charging power supply in time), the battery temperature rises, the temperature sensor or gas and smoke detectors in the monitoring system should detect the fault in time and give an alarm to remind the work The personnel handle the fault and eliminate the cause of the fire. This is the second line of defense. When the fault is not dealt with in time and the second line of defense is broken, the battery burning (smoldering) cannot be prevented. At this time, what the fire fighting system has to do is to limit the burning to the battery box (or box) where the fault occurs (containment). And it can isolate adjacent unfired batteries and equipment to prevent the fire from expanding (isolation). Due to the high temperature of lithium-ion batteries after thermal runaway, the existing non-aqueous fire extinguishing agents such as gas and dry powder cannot quickly lower the battery temperature, and the fire extinguishing effect is not ideal. Therefore, setting the battery fire prevention goal as controlled burn-down is a more realistic method with strong technical and economic benefits. This is the third line of defense. If the fire control fails and the fire situation expands and poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel and property, the fixed water-based fire extinguishing system installed in the vehicle must be activated or the fire brigade will extinguish the fire. Generally speaking, the first and second lines of defense are considered by battery manufacturers or electric car manufacturers. As a fire protection professional, you can establish a solid third line of defense for customers, and customize the method according to the specific model, specification and performance of the battery. The parts used in the method are from all over the world, not limited to a certain type of equipment or material. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: What to pay attention to when using and assembling battery cells