What are the common chemical batteries?

Common chemical batteries There are many types of chemical batteries, the most common ones are dry batteries, accumulators, and smaller miniature batteries. There are also metal-air batteries, fuel power batteries and other energy conversion batteries, such as solar cells and nuclear batteries. The following will focus on common chemical batteries to illustrate. 1. Zinc manganese battery zinc manganese dioxide battery uses zinc as the negative electrode, carbon rod as the positive electrode, uses manganese dioxide, zinc chloride, neutral ammonium chloride aqueous solution as the electrolyte solution, and uses paper or starch as the separation layer. The resulting battery is called a zinc manganese battery. According to the different isolation layer used, it can be divided into two types: paste type and plate type batteries. The dry battery uses a zinc cylindrical casing as the negative electrode, and the graphite rod with a copper cap on the top cover in the center is used as the positive electrode. The graphite rod is surrounded by a: manganese dioxide powder-used to absorb in the positive electrode from the inside to the outside. Hydrogen on the surface (to prevent polarization); b: Use starch paste saturated with zinc chloride and ammonium chloride as an electrolyte solution. The electrode reaction formula is: negative electrode (zinc cylinder): Zn-2e-u003du003du003dZn2+ positive electrode (graphite): 2NH4++2e-u003du003du003d2NH3↑+H2↑H2O+2MnO2+2e-u003du003du003d2MnOOH+2OH- The total reaction is: Zn+2NH4Cl+2MnO2u003du003du003dZn(NH3)2Cl2↓+2MnOOH The voltage of the dry cell is about 1.5V, and it cannot be charged and used again. 2. Nickel-cadmium battery The nickel-cadmium battery can be charged and discharged more than 500 times, which is more economical and durable. Its discharge voltage varies according to its discharge device. Its self-discharge rate is low, and the characteristics of nickel-cadmium batteries will not deteriorate after being left for a long time. After full charging, they can completely restore the original characteristics. It can be used in the temperature range of -20℃-+60℃ . Since the unit battery uses a metal container, it is strong and durable; it is completely sealed, and there will be no electrolyte leakage, so there is no need to replenish the electrolyte. Discharge principle: negative electrode reaction: Cd+2OH--2e-→Cd(OH)2 positive electrode reaction: NiO2+2H2O+2e-→Ni(OH)2+2OH-3. Lithium battery Lithium battery is a type of lithium alloy or Lithium metal is a negative electrode material and a battery that uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The earliest lithium battery has the following reaction: Li+MnO2u003dLiMnO2, which is an oxidation-reduction reaction. The reaction on the positive electrode is: LiCoO2u003dchargeu003dLi1+CoO2+XLi++Xe- (electronic) The reaction on the negative electrode is 6C+XLi++Xe-u003dLixC6. The total reaction of the battery: LiCoO2+6Cu003dLi1-xCoO2 +LixC6 Statement: Some pictures and contents of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete the previous article: What are the measures to improve the disposable battery?