What are the basic materials for making lithium batteries?

Lithium batteries must contain several basic materials: positively active materials, negatively active materials, isolation membranes, and electrolytes. Now, give you a quick overview. What are these materials used for? It is not difficult to understand the positive and negative electrodes. In order to realize the movement of electric charges, you need the potential difference between the positive and negative materials. So what is the active material? Knowing that the battery actually converts electrical energy and chemical energy into each other to store and release energy. To do this, you need a material that is easy to react with, a material that is easy to be oxidized and reduced, and a material that can convert energy, so we need an active material to be the positive and negative electrodes of the battery . As mentioned above, lithium is our preferred material for processing batteries, so why not use metal lithium as the active material of the electrode? Isn’t this the maximum energy density? What is the electrolyte for? In layman's terms, it is the water in the swimming pool that makes Lithium ions can swim freely, so the higher the ion conductivity, the lower the resistance, the smaller the electronic conductivity and insulation, the better the chemical stability, and the better the thermal stability and safety, giving people a broad potential window. Based on these principles, after a long period of engineering exploration, people have discovered raw materials such as high-purity organic solvents, lithium electrolyte salts, and necessary additives. Under certain conditions, electrolytes are prepared in a certain proportion. Organic solvents include PC propylene carbonate, EC ethylene carbonate, DMC dimethyl carbonate, DEC diethyl carbonate, EMC ethyl ester and other materials. Lithium electrolyte contains LiPF6, LiBF4 and other substances. Lithium in the form of metal is too lively, and most naughty children are disobedient and like to do damage. Early research on lithium batteries focused on metallic lithium or its alloys as negative electrodes, but for safety reasons, they had to find better alternatives. In recent years, with the pursuit of energy density, this research direction has shown a trend of resurrection of whole blood, which we will discuss later. In order to achieve the chemical stability of the energy storage and release process, that is, the safety and long life of the battery charging and discharging cycle, we need an electrode material that is reactive when necessary and stable when necessary. After long-term research and exploration, several lithium metal oxides have been discovered, such as lithium cobalt oxide, lithium titanate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, nickel cobalt manganese ternary and other materials, which can be used as positive or negative electrodes of battery active materials , Solve the above problem. The olivine structure of lithium iron phosphate is also a very stable cathode material structure. During charging and discharging, lithium ions are stripped without causing lattice collapse. In addition, metal lithium batteries are also available, but they are insignificant compared with lithium batteries. The development of technology will ultimately serve the market. Of course, while solving the stability problem, it also brings serious side-uses, that is, the proportion of lithium as an energy carrier has dropped significantly, and the energy density has dropped by more than an order of magnitude. The negative electrode usually chooses graphite or other carbon materials as the active material, which also conforms to the above principles. The requirement is a good energy carrier, relatively stable, relatively abundant in reserves, and convenient for large-scale processing. Carbon is a relatively optimal solution. Of course, this is not the only solution, and negative material has been extensively studied. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous article: What should I pay attention to whether the lithium battery is in use or not in use?