Current status and development trend of electric vehicle batteries

The development status of electric vehicle batteries (1) The advantages of electric vehicles Compared with fuel-powered vehicles, electric vehicles have unparalleled advantages. The details are as follows: (1) Conducive to environmental protection. Electric vehicles use batteries, have no exhaust emissions, and will not pollute the environment, which is not possible with fuel vehicles. This is a new energy development trend that advocates low-carbon life and environmental protection. (2) Save energy. Electric vehicles can realize energy recovery and use, and about 40% of energy can be recovered during braking, which improves energy efficiency. (3) The structure is light and compact. Because the battery is small in size and can be distributed, the overall layout is more compact than the engine. (4) Electric vehicles are more convenient to drive, easier to start, and more stable in speed adjustment. (5) The manufacturing cost is small, it is not affected by engine vibration, and the service life is relatively improved. (2) Development status of electric vehicle batteries Electric vehicles are clean vehicles with batteries as energy sources. It integrates new technologies, new materials and new energy. It will be one of the important means of transportation in the 21st century. The current electric vehicle technology is severely restricted by three important factors: one is that the charging is relatively low, and the distance for a full charge is relatively short; the other is that the charging time is long and it is inconvenient to use; and the third is that the charging capacity is small, which makes the electric vehicle itself The quality of the equipment is large, which affects the acceleration performance and maximum speed improvement, and cannot compete with fuel vehicles. Therefore, the key to the development of electric vehicles is the battery. The important batteries that have been successfully developed include lead batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries and fuel power batteries. The minimum acceptable indicators for electric vehicle batteries are: specific energyu003e100w hours/kg (WHK/g), specific poweru003e150wk/g, cycle lifeu003e600 times, single charging strokeu003eZokom, economical, reliable, and safe performance. The specific energy of the battery determines the driving distance of the electric vehicle, and the specific energy affects the maximum speed, acceleration and climbing ability of the electric vehicle. Electric vehicles generally consist of three parts: battery, motor and control system, the most critical part of which is the battery. Batteries include acid batteries, alkaline batteries and fuel power batteries. The most widely used is lead-acid battery, which is reliable and cheap, but has low energy density and short life. Alkaline batteries, such as nickel-iron batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries, have high energy density and long service life, but they are expensive. Fuel power cells, such as hydrogen-oxygen fuel power cells, are too expensive to be widely used due to safety issues and the use of certain expensive metals. The most important energy storage technology for electric vehicles is electrochemical energy storage technology, that is, lead-acid, nickel-hydrogen, nickel-cadmium, lithium-ion, sodium-sulfur and other battery energy storage technologies. In the past, these energy storage technologies had serious shortcomings in terms of specific energy, specific power, charging technology, service life, safety, and cost, which restricted the development of electric vehicles. In recent years, the research and development of electric vehicle battery technology has received attention from the energy, transportation, and electric power departments of various countries, and the performance of the battery has been improved. For example, lithium battery technology has made breakthroughs in safety. These are expected to promote the large-scale commercialization of electric vehicles. The three key components of a pure electric vehicle are the battery, the motor and the electronic control. The battery is the core and most valuable part of the industry. At present, my country has formed a complete lithium-ion power lithium-ion battery industry chain, laying a certain foundation for the development of pure electric vehicles. my country has developed products such as multi-element polymer lithium batteries, dual-stator magnetic levitation DC drive motors, battery management and electronic control systems, which can be widely used in passenger cars, passenger cars and military power fields. Technological breakthroughs in high-performance power lithium-ion batteries, drive motors and their control systems will accumulate engineering technology and accelerate the pace of industrialization. my country's pure electric vehicle products have a solid foundation in technology and industrialization, which are basically synchronized with the international market, and they also have unique advantages in some areas. The pure electric passenger vehicle power system has been manufactured in my country. 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