Compare the difference between blade battery and ternary lithium battery

The blade battery is essentially a lithium iron phosphate battery. The so-called blade battery refers to a change in the physical structure. The internal structure of a traditional battery pack consists of multiple cells (Cells) forming a battery module (Module), which is bolted to a shell with a beam and a longitudinal beam to form a battery pack (Pack). With this integrated design of battery cell-battery module-battery pack, beams and longitudinal beams take up a lot of space, bolts and other accessories add weight, which limits the increase in the total capacity and energy density of the battery pack. Whether it is Tesla's ternary lithium battery or BYD's previous lithium iron phosphate battery, the package design is similar. Under such a structure, a lithium iron phosphate battery with a lower energy density is naturally not advantageous compared to a ternary lithium battery. This is why ternary lithium batteries have become mainstream in recent years. In order to further increase the capacity of the battery pack when the space under the car body is limited, the blade battery adopts the CTP (CellToPack) design idea, and the battery cells are directly installed in the battery pack shell in an array (the assembly of the battery cells into a mold is omitted. Group this step). This design can save the beams, longitudinal beams, and various bolts and other accessories while maintaining the strength of the battery pack, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the battery pack shell, and realizing the improvement of the total capacity and energy density of the battery pack . Therefore, the blade battery greatly improves the cruising range of pure electric vehicles on the premise of using the original battery cell type and technology. In addition, the thin cuboid battery can bring excellent heat dissipation effect. When the blade battery technology is merged with the lithium iron phosphate battery technology, the volumetric energy density of the lithium iron phosphate battery pack has been clearly improved, thereby achieving a better balance between cruising range and safety. Judging from the current situation after the mass production of blade batteries, the longest cruising range of the Han pure electric version is 605km, which has approached the mainstream use of ternary lithium battery pure electric vehicles with a cruising range of about 650km, and its higher safety factor And better capacity attenuation characteristics allow lithium iron phosphate batteries to return to the market. Who is the future of electric vehicles? At the beginning of the article, we mentioned that most of the early electric vehicles used lithium iron phosphate batteries, but later with the subsidy policy linked to the battery energy density, plus user requirements for pure electric driving range and the development of ternary lithium battery technology, etc. At present, most new energy vehicles on the market are equipped with ternary lithium batteries. In an era when pure electric range and battery energy density have become the two core indicators that affect subsidies, blindly chasing subsidies actually makes many products with immature technology sacrifice safety in exchange for higher energy density, and various kinds of fires are emerging. , Recall cases are paying for these chaos. However, the development direction of the electric market is always good. With the decline of subsidy policies and the gradual weakening of policy dividends, the industry's pursuit of pure electric range and battery energy density is no longer as fanatical as before. The higher safety, higher economy, and better cycle life of lithium iron phosphate are beginning to be chosen by more car companies. Although subsidies have declined, the most important thing for consumers is whether lithium iron phosphate batteries can receive subsidies. According to the latest national subsidy policy, the vehicle's cruising range must be at least 300km, and the energy density of the battery system must not be less than 125Wh/kg. With the advancement of technology in recent years, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries has increased to a certain extent. The energy density of lithium iron phosphate battery cells negotiated by BYD, Lishen, Guoxuan and other battery factories can reach 190Wh/kg, and is expected to reach 220Wh/kg. The energy density of BYD's blade battery has also reached 140Wh/kg, and the cruising range can reach 605km under the NEDC standard. So technically speaking, it is not difficult to achieve the two targets required for subsidies. So in this way, will lithium iron phosphate batteries with long cycle life and lower cost occupy a critical market? The first thing to be sure is that the performance of the blade battery is good enough to obtain products with the same cruising range and technical performance at a lower price. It is not a bad thing to use the lithium iron phosphate battery, but to make up for the shortcomings of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and Have higher security. But for the lithium iron phosphate market, due to material limitations, it is difficult for the energy density of the battery cell to have a leapfrog development. After all, not all car companies have CTP battery pack technology such as blade batteries. 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