Carbon negative and solid-state batteries which are more likely to large-scale application in 20 years?

Source: 2020 - 03 - 29 concealed hits: which one is more likely to widespread use in 20 years, silicon carbon cathode or solid-state batteries? Silicon carbon negative has already started to use, mainly is a question of silica content, in order to ensure that in the case of a circular demand can achieve the capacity of 400 ~ 600 mah/g, 300 wh/kg now basically future batteries will use silicon carbon negative. Solid-state batteries have a lot of problems, first is the choice of the solid electrolyte. LLZO type oxide ceramics must not be used. One is unable to mass production, the other is physical stability is poor, fragile. Sulfide polymer and now in two kinds of choices, personal point of view is not a solid polymer electrolyte, half into liquid, due to high temperature and thermal runaway of anode material in a very short period of time the nature of the contact heat release, using polymer is essentially cannot avoid thermal runaway or limited, at the same time polymer does not match the graphite anode, will further increase the risk of security with lithium metal words. Sulfide is the most likely choice, but also in the face of poor stability, preparation process is chaotic, battery electrodes data compatibility is poor, the interface stability and many other problems difficult to solve now, can't say impossible to solve, at least a low cost method is likely to be a complete solution. The second is the money problem, this is also the key to decide whether or not a solid-state batteries commercialization. The current power battery LFP and ternary bom cost is about 0. 5 - 0. 7, coupled with the BMS and general cost amortization is 0. 8 - Less than 1 can be shipped. Solid-state batteries lightweight cost accounting data not less than 2. Although security has improved, but does not guarantee the security of 100%. This is a big problem, how many consumers are willing to pay $100000 for a car, to choose more secure but not necessarily safe solid-state batteries. Finally the cell preparation. Solid-state batteries is a solid, solid contact in the process of circulation data volume expansion will contact damage formation, the battery is dead, so sulfide solid-state batteries is pressure measuring, but power battery can't use pressure, so the theoretical research direction is biased. Add a small amount of liquid is made of semi-solid cell is feasible, but security will be relatively reduced, how to balance the relationship between security and the cost is the key. In fact, in terms of the market, they only need a cost-effective battery, whether the element is still strong, to improve the performance skills of existing power battery. Hot hype skills in a short period of time will be very hot, but for a long time without consumers pay would be cool. I personally use of silicon carbide is optimistic, because it is on the premise of cost control does increase the energy density of the battery. Solid-state batteries have too many problems, and the advantage of the hype has not been fully test. Eventually they may be similar to the fuel cell, and in some cases, alternative liquid power battery could be very small mass.