Analyze the composition of lithium battery electrolyte

1. What is the lithium battery electrolyte? The lithium battery electrolyte is the carrier of ion transmission in the battery. Generally composed of lithium salt and organic solvent. The electrolyte is used to conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery, which guarantees that the lithium battery can obtain the advantages of high voltage and high specific energy. Electrolyte is generally prepared from raw materials such as high-purity organic solvents, electrolyte lithium salts, and necessary additives under certain conditions and in certain proportions. 2. Detailed analysis of the electrolyte composition of super comprehensive lithium battery 1. Ethylene carbonate: molecular formula C3H4O3 transparent colorless liquid (>35℃), crystalline solid at room temperature. Boiling point: 248℃/760mmHg, 243-244℃/740mmHg; flash Point: 160℃; Density: 1.3218; Refractive index: 1.4158 (50℃); Melting point: 35-38℃; This product is a good solvent for polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl chloride. In the battery industry, it can be used as an excellent solvent for lithium battery electrolyte. 2. Propylene carbonate: molecular formula C4H6O3 is colorless, odorless, or light yellow transparent liquid, soluble in water and carbon tetrachloride, and miscible with ether, acetone, benzene, etc. It is an excellent polar solvent. This product is mainly used in polymer operations, gas separation processes and electrochemistry. It is especially used to absorb carbon dioxide from natural gas and synthetic ammonia raw materials in petrochemical plants. It can also be used as a plasticizer, spinning solvent, olefin and aromatic extractant, etc. 3. Diethyl carbonate: colorless liquid with molecular formula CH3OCOOCH3, slightly odor, insoluble in water, miscible in most organic solvents such as alcohols, ketones, esters, etc.; important use: used as a solvent and used in organic synthesis. Third, the composition of important components of lithium battery electrolyte (1) Solvent: cyclic carbonate (PC, EC); chain carbonate (DEC, DMC, EMC); carboxylic acid esters (MF, MA, EA, MA, MP) Etc.); (used to dissolve lithium salt) (2) Lithium salt: LiPF6, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiAsF6, etc.; (3) Additives: film-forming additives, conductive additives, flame retardant additives, overcharge protection additives, control electrolyte Additives with medium H2O and HF content, additives for improving low-temperature performance, multifunctional additives; Fourth, the electrolyte of lithium batteries should generally meet the following basic requirements: a. High lithium ion conductivity, generally should reach 1x10-3~2x10-2S /cm; b. High thermal and chemical stability, no separation occurs in a wide voltage range; c. Wide electrochemical window, stable electrochemical performance in a wide voltage range; d .It has good compatibility with other parts of the battery, such as electrode materials, electrode current collectors and separators; Statement: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet, if there is any infringement, please contact to delete the previous article: Power lithium battery What are the important reasons for the heat loss of control?