Analyze lithium battery recycling technology methods

Lithium battery recycling technology The recycling process of waste lithium batteries mainly includes pretreatment, secondary treatment and advanced treatment. Because there is still a certain amount of residual electricity in waste batteries, the pretreatment process includes deep discharge, crushing and physical separation. The purpose of the secondary treatment is to end the complete separation of the active materials of the positive and negative electrodes from the substrate. In-depth production mainly includes two processes of leaching and separation and purification to extract valuable metal data. According to the classification of extraction processes, battery recycling methods can be divided into three categories: dry recycling, wet recycling and biological recycling. 1. Dry recovery Dry recovery refers to the recovery of materials or precious metals without solution. At the same time, the important methods are physical separation method and high temperature pyrolysis method. (1) Physical separation method Physical separation method refers to the dismantling, breaking, screening, magnetic separation, fine damage and classification of battery components such as the electrode active material, collector liquid, and battery casing of the battery, so as to obtain valuable high content substance. Shin et al. proposed a method for recovering Li and Co from lithium battery waste liquid using sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, including physical separation and chemical leaching of metal particles. At the same time, the physical separation process includes crushing, screening, magnetic separation, fine crushing and sorting. In the experiment, a set of rotating and fixed blade crushers were used for crushing. The crushed materials were sieved and classified according to different apertures, and then subjected to magnetic separation treatment to prepare for the subsequent chemical leaching process. (2) High-temperature pyrolysis The high-temperature pyrolysis method refers to a method in which lithium battery data undergoes preliminary processing such as physical crushing, high-temperature cultivation and sintering differentiation, removal of organic binders, and then separation of lithium battery composition data. At the same time, the lithium battery can also be used to volatilize the metal and its compounds in the oxidation-reduction and differentiation, and then use methods such as condensation to collect. 2. Wet recovery The wet recovery process is to dissolve the used batteries and break them, then use appropriate chemical reagents to select metal elements in the leachate to process high-grade metal cobalt or lithium carbonate, etc., and directly recover them. The wet recycling process is more suitable for recycling waste lithium batteries with a relatively single chemical composition, and the equipment investment is relatively low, which is suitable for small and medium-scale waste lithium battery recycling planning. Therefore, this method is now widely used. (1) Alkaline-acid leaching Since the positive electrode data of lithium batteries will not dissolve in the lye, and the basic aluminum foil will dissolve in the lye, this method is often used to separate the metal foil and the lye. When Zhang Yang and others reclaimed Co and Li in the battery, they dipped the aluminum with alkali in advance, and then dipped it with dilute acid to destroy the adhesion of the organic and copper foil. However, the alkaline leaching method cannot completely eliminate polyvinylidene fluoride, which has an adverse effect on the subsequent leaching. (2) Organic solvent extraction The organic solvent extraction method adopts the principle of similar compatibility, adopts a suitable organic solvent to physically dissolve the organic binder, and then weakens the adhesion of the data to the foil for separation. (3) Ion exchange method The ion exchange method refers to the use of ion exchange resins to collect metal ion complexes with different adsorption coefficients to complete the separation and extraction of metals. 3. The biological resuscitation biological leaching method has low cost, high recovery rate, low pollution and consumption, and small impact on the environment. However, it is difficult to cultivate high-efficiency microorganisms, the treatment cycle is long, and the control of leaching conditions is an important issue of this method. 4. The recycling process of waste lithium batteries for joint recovery has its own advantages and disadvantages. Now there is a joint optimization of multiple recycling methods to give full play to the advantages of various recycling methods and maximize economic benefits. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous article: How to charge and discharge the newly bought lithium battery pack?