Analysis of the working principle and important structure of dry battery

Dry battery working principle Dry battery belongs to the primary battery in the chemical pole power supply. It is a kind of disposable battery. Its carbon rod is used as the positive electrode, and the zinc cylinder is used as the negative. It converts chemical energy into electrical energy and supplies it to an external circuit. In the chemical reaction, because zinc is more active than manganese, zinc loses electrons and is oxidized, while manganese gets electrons and is reduced. Battery discharge is the electrolysis reaction of ammonia chloride and zinc. The charge released is conducted by graphite to the positive electrode carbon rod. The electrolysis reaction of zinc will release hydrogen gas, which will increase the internal resistance of the battery. The manganese dioxide mixed with graphite is used to absorb hydrogen. But if the battery continues to work or is used for too long, the manganese dioxide will be too late or nearly saturated and unable to absorb it. At this time, the battery will lose its use due to too much internal resistance and too little output current. But at this time, if the battery is heated or left for a period of time, the accumulated hydrogen gas inside it will be heated or slowly released, and the manganese dioxide will also be reduced and restored, and the battery will be vigorous again. The important structural composition of dry batteries Ordinary dry batteries are mostly manganese-zinc batteries, with a positive carbon rod in the middle, a mixture of graphite and manganese dioxide outsourcing, and a layer of fiber mesh on the outside. The fiber web is coated with a thick electrolyte paste, which is composed of ammonia chloride solution and starch, and a small amount of preservatives. The outermost layer is a cylinder made of metal zinc, which is the negative electrode. Pain points of dry batteries ●Insufficient safety Dry batteries are all chemical batteries. When the battery is almost exhausted, some electrolyte will appear inside the battery; in addition, the battery is not well wrapped, and when the electrolyte flows out, it will corrode electrical appliances. The battery rack even flows to the circuit board and damages the electrical appliances. ●The capacity of traditional dry batteries is generally not high. The battery capacity of alkaline dry batteries is about 1500mAh, the capacity of rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries is between 500-700mAh, and the more powerful nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries are about 1200mAh. How to distinguish the pros and cons of dry batteries 1. Weigh dry batteries of the same brand and specifications on an electronic scale. Good quality batteries are much heavier than poor quality batteries. For example, the AA battery in the alkaline battery generally weighs about 23 grams, and the AA battery generally weighs about 11 grams. While the No. 5 carbon battery weighs about 16 grams, the alkaline battery in the hand is significantly heavier than the carbon battery. 2. Look at the high-priced dry batteries, which are generally alkaline batteries with relatively better quality. Don't be greedy to buy batteries from unlicensed and unlicensed vendors. These batteries not only have a short use time, but also have the potential to leak and pollute the environment. 3. Check the dry battery with good appearance. The package will indicate the trademark, manufacturer, battery model, nominal voltage, battery polarity, processing date, shelf life, and implementation standard number, and the workmanship is exquisite, neat and clean, and there is no leakage. When purchasing, you can also check whether the goods are marked with no mercury, 0% mercury, and no mercury added. 4. Look at the logo Dry batteries are divided into alkaline and carbon. Alkaline dry batteries are marked with alkaline or ALKALINE, and carbon dry batteries are marked with carbon. Alkaline batteries are much higher than carbon batteries in terms of capacity, shelf life, and reliability. Dry batteries are primary batteries in chemical power sources and are disposable batteries. Because the electrolyte of this kind of chemical power device is a paste that cannot flow, it is called a dry battery, which is related to a battery with a flowable electrolyte. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: What are the important methods for detecting the thickness of lithium battery separators?