Analysis of the historical developing situation of lithium-ion batteries

Source: 2020 - 04 - 15 18:56 hits: once the historical developing situation of lithium-ion battery in the early 1970 s, due to the energy crisis, got advance research of lithium ion batteries. To Li and Li - Al alloy anode material, successively appeared Li/MnO2, Li/I2, Li/SOCl2, Li/FeS2 lithium battery. In 1970, the Japanese panasonic company in the United States won the Li/( CF) N the patent of the battery. In the process of discharge, ( CF) N generated by lithium C and LiF, this reaction is irreversible, so the lithium battery is disposable batteries. In 1977, the world's largest maker of lithium ion battery, Japanese sanyo design Li/MnO2 battery, the battery was immediately used for the solar rechargeable electronic calculator. In the initial study Gui, general motors ( GM) And the argonne national laboratory ( Annealing) Focusing on the molten salt electrolytes of lithium ion battery systems, molten salt electrolyte of lithium battery anode material and the melting state of sulfur, electrolyte lithium melting and lithium chloride, potassium chloride, etc. , when molten salt electrolyte battery work need 45 ℃ high temperature. The battery is in use process, however, does not inhibit the damage to the environment, its capacity will decline rapidly. In the study, researchers sulfur waste lithium and lithium aluminium alloy sulfide ( LiAl) And iron, Feith and FeS2) , improving the system performance, but due to the rapid development of the organic electrolyte of lithium ion battery, high temperature molten salt lithium ion battery research work is basically to terminate around 1990. Since the 1980 s, the research of lithium ion battery has achieved breakthrough progress: in 1980, Goodenough team made the LiCoO2 cathode material; In 1981, bell LABS using graphite as lithium ion battery cathode materials. In 1983, made the LiMn2O4 cathode materials Goodenough. In 1989, it was reported Manthiram and Goodenough polyanion ( Such as SO42 - ) The entrainment can improve the working voltage of metal oxide. In 1990, SONY's (commercial lithium ion secondary battery C/LiCoO2) Become a real lithium ion batteries. Implements the graphitized carbon materials as anode of lithium secondary battery. Its composition is: lithium and transition metal composite oxide/electrolyte/graphitized carbon materials. In 1994, Tarascon and Guyomard developed a on the basis of the carbonic acid ethyl ester and dimethyl carbonate electrolyte system. In 1997, Goodenough reported a called LiFePO4 cathode material. At this point, the lithium ion battery has been fully formed. The potential difference between the metal lithium and LiC6 is less than zero, LiC6 is a kind of embedded graphitized carbon materials and lithium compounds. Therefore, rechargeable lithium ion battery anode materials can be used in the absence of lithium metal. In the process of charging, lithium into the graphite in the first place. In graphite, lithium storage in layered structure in the middle of the gap between the layers, the discharge process in between the layers. The method has good reversibility, the cycle of rechargeable lithium ion battery performance is improved. In addition, the carbon materials are cheap and non-toxic, discharge in air is relatively stable, not only can not use live draw the performance of lithium metal, but also can prevent the formation of lithium dendrite, service life is greatly improved, fundamentally improve the safety of the lithium ion battery directly.