Advantages and disadvantages of ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery

Because lithium batteries have quite excellent performance, they occupy most of the battery application scenarios. According to the classification of telecommunications materials, lithium batteries can be divided into iron phosphate and manganese (including cobalt lithium, ternary and other materials), iron phosphate and ternary Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Next, the authors will come to them one by one. 1. Low temperature performance. my country has a vast territory and a complex climate. The temperature changes from the three northeastern provinces to the southernmost islands of Hainan are very abundant. Take Beijing as an example. As the main market for electric vehicles, the highest temperature in Beijing in summer is around 40°C, while in winter it is basically kept at minus 16°C or even lower. Such a temperature range is obviously suitable for ternary lithium batteries with better low-temperature performance. However, the lithium iron phosphate battery, which pays attention to high temperature performance, will appear a bit weak in the winter in Beijing. 'Relative capacity at 25°C' refers to the ratio of the discharge capacity under different temperature conditions to the discharge capacity at 25°C. This value can accurately reflect the attenuation of battery life under different temperature conditions. The closer to 100%, the better the battery performance. Taking 25°C as the reference room temperature, the discharge capacity of the two types of batteries is almost the same when discharged at a high temperature of 55°C and at a normal temperature of 25°C. But at minus 20°C, ternary lithium batteries have obvious advantages compared with lithium iron phosphate batteries. Customers in different regions must consider this when choosing lithium battery materials. 2. Discharge linear Discharge linear is simply the relationship between the remaining power and the voltage. Due to the material characteristics of iron-lithium batteries, discharge has a high-voltage area, a platform area and a low-voltage area. Among them, the voltage drops very quickly in the high-voltage and low-voltage areas, and very slowly in the platform area. On the positive side, the voltage in the main discharge interval is very flat. On the negative side, it is difficult for users to judge the remaining power based on the voltage display data. 3. Energy density At present, domestic new energy vehicles mainly use lithium iron phosphate power batteries, but the theoretical energy density of lithium iron phosphate power batteries is limited. The energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is 120Wh/kg, and the energy density after grouping is 80Wh/kg, so the company is actively developing new power lithium batteries with higher energy density and lithium iron manganese phosphate materials. The energy density of the ternary battery is relatively high. The energy density of the ternary lithium battery is 180Wh/kg and 110Wh/kg after grouping. The corresponding market advantage is obvious. Therefore, in terms of energy density, ternary lithium batteries are superior to lithium iron phosphate batteries. 4. Safety In terms of safety, lithium iron phosphate batteries have more advantages than ternary batteries. The reason is that the nickel-cobalt-aluminum 18650 battery in the ternary material will self-heat when it exceeds 180°C, and it is difficult to control after a fire, while the lithium iron phosphate material will only emit heat until 250°C. 5. In terms of cycle life, the cycle life of the lithium iron phosphate battery cell is more than 2000 times, and the cycle life of the ternary lithium cell is about 1000 times. After being assembled, the service life is reduced due to the complicated working environment. In general, the theoretical energy density of lithium iron phosphate batteries is limited, and there is not much room for improvement. Lithium iron phosphate has better high temperature resistance, ternary lithium has better low temperature resistance, safety lithium iron phosphate will be better, and lithium iron phosphate life. It is also relatively long, because the two have their own advantages and disadvantages, so the application areas are also different. Power battery companies should pay more attention to battery safety, strengthen production monitoring, and strictly ensure quality in order to ensure the safety of new energy vehicles and the personal safety of passengers. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete. Previous: Lithium battery dispute, ternary lithium or iron phosphate?