Advantages and disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries

Advantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries 1. Ultra-long life: The cycle life of long-life lead-acid batteries is about 300 times, and the highest is 500 times. Lithium iron phosphate power lithium-ion batteries charge and discharge 2000 times at 1C at room temperature, and the capacity is The retention rate is over 80%; it is 5 times that of lead-acid batteries, 4 times that of nickel-hydrogen batteries, 4 times that of lithium cobalt oxide batteries, and about 4-5 times that of lithium manganate batteries. 2. High safety: The bonding force of the phosphate chemical bond is stronger than the traditional transition metal oxide structure chemical bond, so the structure is more stable and it is not easy to release oxygen. The stability of the lithium iron phosphate battery at high temperatures can reach more than 400, which ensures the high safety of the battery; it will not explode or burn due to overcharge, high temperature, short circuit, or impact. 3. Environmental protection and no rare metals: Lithium iron phosphate battery does not contain any (except lithium) heavy metals or rare metals, is non-toxic (SGS certified), non-polluting, meets European RoHS regulations, and is an environmentally friendly battery. 4. Fast charging speed, less self-discharge, no memory effect: Lithium iron phosphate battery can be charged and discharged quickly at high current 2C, under the special charger, 2C charging can make the battery overflow 95% within 30 minutes, and the starting current can reach 2C , And lead-acid batteries currently have no such performance. 5. Small size and light weight: The product design can be lightweight, the volume is 2/3 of the same capacity lead-acid battery, and also smaller than the nickel-hydrogen battery; the weight is 1/3 of the same capacity lead-acid battery, and the nickel-hydrogen battery About 2/3; 6. High battery cell voltage, stable discharge platform: 3.2V, less series connection, high battery pack reliability; high battery pack reliability, can be used for high current, high power charge and discharge, high rate discharge characteristics: 10C The charging and discharging efficiency reaches more than 96%, the capacity retention rate is more than 90%, and 10C discharge can be realized. In summary, compared with traditional batteries and other lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries have their own distinct advantages. Table 1 and Table 2 have their own characteristics. Compared with traditional batteries and lithium batteries, it can be seen that compared with traditional batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries are only at a certain disadvantage in terms of price, and other indicators clearly have advantages. But if you consider battery life, the price of lithium iron phosphate batteries is the lowest. In addition to the tap density and gram capacity of lithium iron phosphate, two indicators are slightly insufficient, and other indicators have great advantages, especially in terms of cycle performance, environmental protection, safety performance, raw material cost and scope of use. 2.2 Disadvantages of lithium iron phosphate batteries 1. Poor conductivity and slow diffusion of lithium ions. When charging and discharging at a high rate, the actual specific capacity is low. This problem is a difficulty that restricts the development of the lithium iron phosphate industry. The reason why lithium iron phosphate has not been widely used so late is an important issue. 2. The tap density is low. Generally, it can only reach 0.8-1.3. The low tap density can be said to be a big disadvantage of lithium iron phosphate, which determines that it has no advantages in small batteries such as mobile phone batteries, so its use range is limited to a certain extent. Even though it has low cost, good safety performance, good stability, and high cycle times, if it is too large, it can only replace lithium cobalt oxide in a small amount. But this shortcoming will not be prominent in power lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, lithium iron phosphate is mainly used to make power lithium-ion batteries. 3. The consistency problem is serious. The life of single lithium iron phosphate battery currently exceeds 2000 times, but the consistency of the manufactured battery is not good, which in turn affects the performance and overall life of the battery pack, so there are certain obstacles to the use of power vehicles. 4. The low temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate battery is poor. The inherent characteristics of lithium iron phosphate materials determine that its low temperature performance is inferior to other cathode materials such as lithium manganate. In general, for a single cell, its capacity retention rate at 0°C is about 60-70%, at -10°C it is 40-55%, and at -20°C it is 20-40%. Obviously, such low temperature performance cannot meet the requirements of power supply. 5. High manufacturing cost. There is no doubt that lithium iron phosphate has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, and high cycle times. However, the current manufacturing cost is higher than that of lead-acid batteries and lithium manganate batteries. The main reasons are: 1) Material physical properties and other lithium battery materials The difference is large, the particle size is small, the tap density is small, the specific surface area is large, the production performance of the material is not good, and the coating amount is low, resulting in new battery costs; 2) The lithium iron phosphate battery has only 3.2V, which is lower than other lithium batteries. About 20%, the single battery needs to be used 20% more, resulting in a higher cost of battery packs. Indication: The articles published on this website are all from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it. Disclaimer: Some pictures and content of the articles published on this site are from the Internet. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it. Previous: Why can't the maximum voltage of a lithium battery break through 4.2V?