About the advantages and disadvantages of the ternary lithium batteries

Source: 2020 - 04 - 20 when hits: what time is the ternary lithium battery? The ternary lithium battery in nature, lithium is the lightest metal atomic mass minimum. The relative atomic mass is 6. 94g/mol， =0. 53g/cm3。 Lithium is very active in the chemical, it is easy to lose electrons are oxidized to lithium ion. Therefore, the standard electrode has the most negative potential ( - 3. 045V) And the smallest equiv. ( 0. 26g/Ah) 。 Lithium these features make it become a kind of material than can be very high. Ternary lithium battery refers to three types of transition metal oxides as the anode material of lithium secondary battery. The characteristics of comprehensive, the good cycle performance of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickelate high specific capacity, high security and low cost of lithium manganese acid salt, and synthetic compound embedded lithium oxide collaborative multiple elements such as nickel and cobalt manganese by molecular hybrid, doping, coating and surface modification. It is now widely research and application of a lithium ion rechargeable batteries. The ternary lithium battery life theory of ternary lithium battery life is about 800 times, in the commercial lithium rechargeable battery in the medium level. There are about 2000 circulation, lithium iron phosphate lithium titanate and it is said that there are 10000 cycles. The current mainstream battery manufacturers in their production of three yuan normative commitment (500 times Under the condition of the standard of charging and discharging) , but in the cells from the battery, due to the consistency problem, mainly is the voltage and internal resistance cannot be exactly the same, the cycle life of about 400 times. Manufacturers recommend using SOC window is 10% ~ 90%, it is not recommended for depth charge and discharge, otherwise the battery of the positive and negative structure cause irreversible damage. If the battery is calculated by charging and discharging light, so the cycle of the battery life is at least 1000 times. In addition, if lithium batteries are often in high power and high temperature environment, the battery life will be significantly reduced to less than 200 times. Ternary lithium battery has its advantages and disadvantages of ternary lithium battery is a kind of excellent comprehensive performance, capacity and security balance of battery. The main functions of the three kinds of metal elements and advantages and disadvantages are as follows: Co3 + : reducing the number of cationic hybrid, stable material layer structure, reduce the impedance value, improve the electrical conductivity, improve circulation and multiplier properties. Ni2 + : to improve the capacity of the materials ( Increase the volume of material and energy density) 。 However, due to the radius of the lithium and nickel are similar, can also lead to excessive nickel lithium and nickel dislocation mix. Lithium lithium layer of nickel ion concentration is higher, the more difficult it is to take off in the layered structure, leading to poor electrochemical performance. Mn4 + : not only can reduce the cost of materials, but also can improve the security and stability of the material. But, it's easy to have a high manganese content spinel phase, destroy the layered structure, thus reducing capacity and cyclic attenuation. High energy density is the biggest advantage of ternary lithium batteries, the platform is an important index of a battery energy density and voltage, determines the basic properties of the battery and cost, higher voltage platform, the greater the capacity of concrete, so the same volume, weight, and even the same ampere hour battery, high voltage platform ternary material lithium battery life is longer. Single ternary lithium battery discharge voltage platform up to 3. 7 v, lithium iron phosphate is 3. 2 v, lithium titanate is only 2. 3v。 Therefore, from the point of view of energy density, three yuan relative to the lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese acid lithium titanate or have absolute advantage. Poor safety, short cycle life is the main disadvantage of the ternary lithium batteries, especially its is restricted by the safety performance of the large-scale configuration and the main factors of large scale integrated application. A lot of actual measurement results show that the large capacity ternary battery test through acupuncture, overcharge, and so on security, this is common to introduce more large capacity battery manganese element, even mixed with manganese acid lithium. The ternary lithium battery 500 cycle life in the middle of this range, so the main application field for ternary lithium battery is 3 c digital consumer electronics products, etc.